Management and Operations: Roles of Managers and Leaders

Unit 4- Management
and Operations

Contents
INTRODUCTION.......................................................................................................................................3
TASK 1.......................................................................................................................................................3
P1 Compare and define the characteristics and roles of manager and leader...........................................3
TASK 2.......................................................................................................................................................5
P2 Examination of how the roles of leader and function of manager apply in different situations..........5
P3 Different theories and approaches of leadership styles.......................................................................6
TASK 3.......................................................................................................................................................7
P4 Key approaches of operations management and roles of mangers and leaders...................................7
P5 The value and importance of the operations management in achievement of business goals and
objectives.................................................................................................................................................8
TASK 4.......................................................................................................................................................9
P6 The factors in business environment which places impact on operational management and decision
making.....................................................................................................................................................9
CONCLUSION.........................................................................................................................................11
REFERENCES..........................................................................................................................................12

INTRODUCTION
The Operations management is mainly concerned with the planning, supervising and
organizing the manufacturing, production and other provisions of the services. It is mainly the
administration of various business practices in order to create highest level of efficiency in the
organization. Thus operations management helps in converting the raw materials and the labors
into the finished goods or services in an effective manner. It is a process which mainly plan,
supervise and control the production and manufacturing process and it is very essential for the
business organization because it generally helps in managing, supervising and controlling the
goods, people and services in an efficient and effective manner (Bochtis, Sorensen and Kateris,
2018). The organization chosen for this report is Marks and Spencer, a leading retailer that deals
in clothing food and home décor. This report will cover role and characteristics of leaders and
managers, different leadership styles and how the role of leaders and functions of manager are
applied in different situations. Further is it will include key approaches and importance of
operations management and the factors in business environment that affect it.
TASK 1
P1 Compare and define the characteristics and roles of manager and leader.
In Marks and Spencer, the role of leader and manager vary with each other and they have
different functions and roles to play. These functions mainly help the company to bring
employee and customer satisfaction and also supports in growth and success of company in the
market. The role and characteristics of leader and managers are discussed below-
Management theory
The classical theory of management is mainly predicted on an idea that the workers have
only the physical needs and it can be satisfied only be money so this theory focus on economies
of the organizing employees. It ignores the social and personal needs which can influence the job
satisfaction. It consists of seven principles that makes the idea place of work which are based on
employee specialization, hierarchical structure and the financial rewards. The control of business
is in the hand of few people who makes decisions and provides direction.

The contingency theory is based on idea that the effective leadership is related directly to
leadership traits which is displayed in particular situation. According to it., there is no single
approach which can suit in every organization and situation. The organization which follows this
theory must identify a style of management for every situation and it must be able to apply it
effectively and quickly.
Basis Manager Leader
Definition It is the one who manages the
work of the organization in every
situation. It mainly shows the
path to walk and helps in
achieving the business objectives.
It is that person in the company
who guides and motivates everyone
to move on the right path. It mainly
motivates the workforce so that
they can enhance their productivity
and performance. It is the kind of
skill which leads the company and
employees.
Roles  The role of manager is to
manage every activity of
the organization.
 It has to coordinate with
every person and assign
the work to all so that
each can contribute in
achieving business
objectives.
 The manager provides
directions to the
workforce in Marks &
Spencer so that they can
timely complete their task
(Demeter, 2017)
 The main role of leader is to
take the organization
together and motivates
every employee to work as a
team so that they can
altogether accomplish the
business goals.
 It has to take care of the
work and make sure that it
is conducted in the correct
direction.
 It analysis the behavior of
workforce at every level and
guides them so that
improvements can be made
timely.
Characteristics  The manager has to make The foremost characteristic of