Educational Leadership & Management in East Asia

This assignment delves into the terrain of educational leadership and management within the context of East Asia. It requires you to examine relevant theories, analyze current practices, and identify key challenges and opportunities facing leaders in this dynamic region. The paper will also explore potential future directions for educational leadership and management in East Asia.

Working with and Leading
people

Table of Contents
INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................1
TASK 1............................................................................................................................................1
1.1 Documentation of recruitment and selection process...........................................................1
1.2 Impact of legal, regulatory and ethical to recruitment and selection process.......................2
1.3 Taking part in selection process............................................................................................2
1.4 My contribution to the selection process..............................................................................3
2.1 Skills and attributes needs for leadership..............................................................................3
2.2 Difference between leadership and management..................................................................4
2.3 Leadership styles of different situations...............................................................................5
2.4 Motivate staff to achieves objectives\...................................................................................6
TASK 2............................................................................................................................................6
3.1 Benefits of team working for UPES Company.....................................................................6
3.2 Importance of working with teams as leader and member...................................................7
3.3 Effectiveness of team to achieves goals................................................................................7
4.1 Planning and monitoring the performance of UPES Company ...........................................8
4.2 Development needs of an individual at UPES Company......................................................8
4.3 Evaluate the process of leadership and management............................................................9
CONCLUSION................................................................................................................................9
REFERENCES..............................................................................................................................11

INTRODUCTION
There are several activities that are conducted in an organisation which helps them in
achieving their goals and objectives. It is the responsibility of HR manager to make sure that all
these activities are performed in an effective manner. They sometime lead their employees orally
but sometimes they perform work with them so as to show them how a work is done in the
company (Alloway, Bibile and Lau, 2013). Managers and leaders are the main people in
handling all these tasks. Leading people in a company is not an easy task as there are various
types of people present in company who needs leadership and motivation in a different manner.
The organisation that has been referred here is UPES Company. It is the largest courier company
in UK. This report will discuss about the recruitment, selection and retention procedures, styles
and impact of leadership, effectiveness of a team and lastly assessment of work and development
needs of individuals.
TASK 1
1.1 Documentation of recruitment and selection process
After doing planning and Organising, the HR manager is required to recruit to fill the
vacant positions in company so that goals and objectives of company can be achieved. Since
UPES company is suffering from losses and employees are also leaving their job so it is very
important form the HR manager to recruit employees who are highly skilled and knowledgable
so that they can improve the condition of company in market. It can be said that UPES company
is facing many issues in its administration, leadership and management. So, the documentation
that is required for recruiting employees are :-
 Approval of Recruitment – It is very essential to take official approval of the higher
authority with respect to recruiting an employee at a particular post. So, normally in
companies, approval of recruitment is obtained by preparing a draft in which all the
positions that are left vacant in the company is mentioned (Arnold, Fletcher and
Molyneux, 2012). It will also include the details of academic qualifications and
experience required in the candidate applying for Job. With this draft, the advertisement
that has been published in the newspaper will also be attached. After preparing the draft
completely, it will be sent to the HR department of UPES for approval.
 Position Description – In this document all the positions for which recruitment is going to
be done is clearly specified. So, HR manager of UPES company should prepare a
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position description before starting recruitment. Under this, all the details related tom
position should be mentioned like what will be the work, what qualifications should be
present, how much experience is required etc.
 Advertisement – It is the document that is prepared so as to make the people aware about
the job offer presented by company . The ad is prepared with the prior approval from the
superior division of the organisation (Azhar, 2011).
PERSONAL DESCRIPTION
Those applicants who are having experience of working as a retail manager and is capable of
managing and handling whole stock of the company. They should also have good
communication skills so that they can develop good relationship with the clients and also
leading skills so that guidance can be provided. They should also be able to take challenges that
may come in their way while doing their operations.
Qualifications:
 B.COM, MBA, PGDM
 Sound knowledge of finance and accounting
Skills:
 Management of all the issues that are brought by clients
 Communication and leading skills
 Keeping money record which is received from customers
Experience:
 3 Years minimum experience is needed
 Experience in Retail marketing and Store handling is must.
TERMS OF EMPLOYMENT:It includes the type of conditions in which an employer or an
employee agree upon for taking a job. It includes various factors like job responsibilities, work
days, hours etc. it also benefits like health insurance, life insurance etc.
It is made in the following manner:
 Full name of employer and employee
 Address of employer
 Place of work
2

 Job title
 Date of commencement of employment
 Type of contract
 Terms and conditions relating to hours of work
Application Form :
3

1.2 Impact of legal, regulatory and ethical to recruitment and selection process
It is very much obvious that the recruitment that will be conducted in UPES should be as
per the legal framework and guidelines prescribed by government of UK. If they will not follow
these guidelines them it will not be good for company as the recruitment done shall be
4

considered as illegal. While conducting the process of recruitment, the HR manager should make
sure that there should not be any discrimination in between the candidates and should be treated
and judged at an equal level. The impact of legal, regulatory and ethical consideration is given
below -
 Influence of Discriminatory act – In this , it is said that while conducting the recruitment
process the HR manager should make sure that they follow the guidelines prescribed in
discrimination act and should not do any kind of discrimination in between the
candidates.
 Influence of Race Religion act – If UPES will do any kind of discrimination with
candidates on the basis of their religion or ethical background then it will be considered
as an illegal act. So, company should not don any such thing and focus on qualities of the
candidate.
 Impact of Equality Regulation – There should be equality while doing recruitment
because the companies are required to give equal employment benefits to the selected
candidates for the mentioned post (Bolman and Deal, 2014).
1.3 Taking part in selection process
After providing position descriptions and advertisement, it is the time to conduct a
selection process. The HR manager plays a very important role ion this as he ODs the only one
who selects the final candidate. As an HR manager of UPES, the selection process that will be
conducted here are :-
 Selection of the recruiting board :- The HR department is required to select a recruitment
board for selecting a new employee for the company. These members are selected by the
head of HR department. These people will only conduct the interview process and judges
the employees (Chi, Lan and Dorjgotov, 2012).
 Short listing – The selection board that has been selected is also also responsible to short
list the candidates by judging them on several basis. Some of the popular methods are
MCQ, written exam, IQ test etc. the list of shortlisted candidates are presented to the HR
department who late on conducts the further process of recruitment with these people.
 Interview – This selection board will call the shortlisted candidates for face to face
interview. In this , the boards checks the confidence and knowledge level of employees
and also their background is asked.
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 Appointment – The candidate who clears the interview completely is given the
appointment letter.
As a part of the selection process of UPES Company company, the roles that I was playing was
of a HR manager :-
 I was having the responsibility to shortlist the candidates on the basis of their CV which
they have sent after reading the job description.
 When the shortlisted candidates were called for the interview, along with my team
members I also took active participation in this and judged the candidates on the basis of
their capabilities and skills
 After asking numerous question to them , I gave my opinion on the candidate that should
be selected for the job and after a short discussion with other team members final
candidate was selected. After the recruitment process when the candidate will come for joining , as an HR
manager I will have to make sure that the new employee is given proper induction
training so that they can gather all the necessary information about the organisation and
get ton know about their colleagues as well.
(Source: Recruitment and selection process, 2018)
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Illustration 1: Recruitment and Selection process

1.4 My contribution to the selection process
I have been appointed as an HR manager of UPES company. I was given the
responsibility to reorganise the whole organisation and employ new staff so that the prosition of
company gets improved. As an HR manager, I was required to prepare and manage whole
recruitment and selection process so that the employees that will be recruited is as per the
requirement of company. Along with this, the responsibility of making documents that are
necessary to recruit employees is also given to me.
All the advertisements that will be prepared should be finalised after my approval as the
ad will include all the details about the position offered by the company to the candidate. I was
also given the privileged to select the members of recruitment and selection board who will go
and take interview of employees. I was also required to assist them in this process (Drennan,
2012).
As an HR manager of UPES, my contribution was to make sure that all the activities are
conducted in an effective manner. I have to check that the documents are being prepared on time
and contains all required information also. I was also acting as a member of recruitment and
selection board so I was also present at the time when whole selection process was being
conducted.
2.1 Skills and attributes needs for leadership
After facing a tough time in market, it is required that the managers of company should
be having both managerial as well as leadership skills. It is said that there should be certain skills
that needs to be present in a person in order to become a leader (Hallinger and Bryant, 2013).
Since HR manager of UPES company is given various responsibilities so as to manage the whole
staff so they need to be skilled enough to handle all such activities in an effective manner. Few
attributes required in a leader are :-
 The person should be self confident and have good sense of responsibility.
 They should be ethical in their work so that the work performed by them is right and
acceptable.
 They should have good control over his subordinates.
The skills and attributes required for leadership are :-
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 Communication – The team leader must know how to do communication with their team
members in UPES Company so that they can guide them properly and make them learn
new skills.
 Negotiation – If the leader wants his team to perform well, work hard then leader will
have to take care of their needs and wants and ensure that they are being rewarded for
their hard work in UPES Company.
 Problem solving skills – The leader should have skills to solve all kinds of problem that
may arise in their way while conducting activities because then only they will be able to
achieve the goals of UPES Company
 Accountability – It is required that the leaders should take the responsibility of their own
actions and do not blame other for anything. Great leaders always take initiative to
influence the results and take responsibilities of it as well.
2.2 Difference between leadership and management
Leadership: Leadership is an artistic creation of directing and inspire team mates to
complete task on time. Leadership is not an easy task to perform it requires dynamic personality
and other qualities as well (Lev, 2013).
Management: Management is all about planning, organising, staffing, motivating and
controlling. In any organisation management is the only thing which assigns authority and
accountability.
Difference between management and leadership
Basis Management Leadership
Own Management runs by manager. Leadership is done by a leader.
Functions Management is about
managing things.
Leader leads other team
members to work efficiently
and effectively.
Rules and Procedures There are set of procedure to
be followed in organisation.
There are rules and regulations
for leadership.
Activities There are many activities There is not such activities
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included in management such
as planning, organising, etc.
involved.
Time Span Management is for long span
of time.
Leadership is short span of
time until task is completed.
Nature Management is of stable
nature.
Leadership is of dynamic
nature.
Working Management takes care of
activities undertaken inside the
company.
Leadership is to motivate team
mates.
Concept It is a narrow concept because
every leader cannot be a
manager on the company .
It is a wider concept because it
includes leadership in it since
every manager is a leader in
the company
2.3 Leadership styles of different situations
There are various types of leadership styles that can be used by managers of UPES. It
includes:
 Autocratic – In this, the leader is allowed to take decisions by himself without
communicating it to others and no one has the right to challenge their decision.
 Participative – In this , the leader takes suggestions from the team members and if they
like it then it can be used by the manager while taking the final decision. It is also called
as Democratic leadership (Morrison, 2010).
 Laissez-Fire – In this , the manager or leader does not provide much attention to the
employees and does not provide any regular feedback as well. Generally, in such teams,
highly skilled and experienced employees are kept who does not need much guidance.
After doing its comparison, it can be said that the Democratic style of leadership is the
most suited leadership ion every company as it gives the right to employees also to put their
views ion front of management (Nienaber, 2010). Autocratic style of leadership is generally not
suited in every company as here only the leader takes all decision. It also tries to give an opinion
that leaders are very special and no one can challenge its opinion. Laissez fire can not be applied
9

as it is not possible that all the employees are highly skilled and talented thus they require
guidance which is not provided by leader in Laissez fire style. Manager of organisation implemnt
different approaoches of leadership in order to amitain effectiveness in performing diffenrt work
activities performing at workplace. It aids to maintain healthy realtionship between employee
while performing task which is assigned by organisation. These style which is taken taken into
consideration by amnger of UPES organisation in order to improve skillsnand knowledge of
employee in order to attain the goals and objectives of organisation. These leadership styles help
manager in order to coordinate with each other to accomplish diffenrt types operation in
organisation. These leadership appraoches plays an important roles in order to maintain effective
environment in organisation which help to meet favourable environment in order to complete
different task in effective mannner.
2.4 Motivate staff to achieves objectives
It is very important for every company to have a motivated staff so that they can give
effective results to the company. In UPES company, the staff is not performing well because of
which the company is not able to fulfil customers promises who believed in the services of
company. So, now the HR manager is given the responsibility to develop motivational
programmes inside the company so that the employees gets motivated and improve their
performance.
The various ways that can be applied by the managers of UPES so as to motivate their
employees are ;-
 Good salary and Rewards – It is one of the best type pf motivation ciompany can give
to it employees because if employees will get good salary and rewards with respect to
their work done in company they will feel really good and will continue work in the same
manner and give good results to the company.
 Involving employees in decision-making – If the management will take suggestions
from employees while taking any decisions for the company then it will make the
employees feel that the company values them and it will make them feel important
(Peterson, 2011).
 Offering training and development – every employee wants to develop thwir skills and
abilities so that they can perform in a better manner. So, if company will provide them
10

with good training programmes then it will be a kind of motivation for them as they will
think that company is paying attention on them.
MOTIVATION : It is defined as a process in which one person tries to improve actions of
another individuals by fulfilling their needs and desires. It is a type of energy that is filled up in a
person so that they can achieve their goals and objectives.
Difference between Intrinsic and Extrinsic Motivation :
Intrinsic Motivation Extrinsic Motivation
 It is a kind of motivation that comes
from within a personality
 here, the person have a feeling to
achieve something from their own sake.
 They more focus on individual growth
first.
 Here the employee is motivated
through outside sources.
 People here have an aim to achieve
higher position , pay and status in
company.
 It is also done to receive recognition
from supervisors .
There are various of motivational theories that cab be applied by the managers in the
organisation like :-
 MASLOW'S NEED THEORY – In this theory, the main focus is on identifying the needs
and wants of the employees of UPES Company so that it can be satisfied and productivity
of employees will also be achieved. The managers of UPES Company company can use
this theory so as to boost the confidence of employees so that they can perform in more
better manner.
 HAWTHORNE EFFECT – It is a type of theory in which it is considered that employee
will perform their activities in a better manner only if they will know that they are being
watched by the researcher. UPES Company can also use this theory for motivating their
employees by making them believe that due attention will be provided to them and all
their hard work will are being noticed.
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TASK 2
3.1 Benefits of team working for UPES Company
It is the requirement of every company to have best teams with them so that they its work
performance can get enhanced and they will be able to achieve their goals and objectives. Team
working is always appreciated inside company as it helps in developing the employee's skills and
knowledge (Spillane and Healey, 2010). The work which will be conducted by a single
employee in a long time that can be completed by a team in a short time only. So that is team
working is always encouraged in companies. The benefits of team working in UPES company
are:-
 Establish employee relationship – There will be good team work by the team members
only when the team members will behave in an effective manner with each other and will
share their views and ideas with each other. It is very much required to make a team
effective. The leader should also believe in the ideas of the team members as this will
motivate them.
 Innovative Idea – If there will be team working in UPES then the employees will be able
to present their ideas in front of leader which can be proved beneficial for company.
Also, it is said that in teams people come together and talk which can help in sharing and
generating information that can be useful for the company.
Effectiveness of UPES team :
 Strong leadership- It is require that there should be a strong member in the team who can
lead all the other members in a better manner and provide them guidance wherever they
need them.
 Results oriented- In order to become an effective team, all the members should be result
oriented so that they can perform all their activities in that direction only and achieve the
goals of the organisation.
 Cohesiveness, loyalty, interpersonal relationship- They should remain loyal with one
another so that no information is hidden with them and they can work together more
appropriately.
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3.2 Importance of working with teams as leader and member
If the leader of UPES company will work with their teams as a leader and a manager both
then there will be several benefits that can be derived from this. It is as follows:-
 It happens many times that the team member is not aware of their own talents and thus it
is the responsibility of leaders to boost the morale of team members and also try to create
confidence into them so that they recognize their own talent and perform in a better
manner in the company.
 If the leader will motivate and guide employees of company then it will create a job
satisfaction in the minds of customer as they will feel comfortable in working in company
and will not think of leaving the company and thus it will reduce employee turnover as
well.
Tuckman's theory : It is a very famous model that is used by most of the companies so as to
develop the teams that are working son as to achieve the goals. It is divided into five stages :
 Forming – here most of the team members are very positive and polite with one another
but only few are anxious as they don't know that what team is performing.
 Storming – Here, the team members start to communicate their feelings with one another
but till now a strong connection has not been built and they see each others as individuals
only.
 Norming – From this stage, people feel that they are a part of a team and can work
together for achieving a common goal.
 Performing – Till now a trust is built in between the members and they are working in an
open environment which is very flexible to work upon.
 Adjourning – Here, an assessment is done for the whole year and implements a plan for
transitioning.
Different Roles in teams
 Coordinator Role – The person who will be performing these role is required to havde
good listening skills and they are required to guide the employees about the activities that
they have to perform in the team.
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 Team worker Role – These are the people who have to make sure that the team is
remained united. They are required to solve all the issues that are having a bad impact on
the team. They can not be biased while taking decisions for the company.
 Resource Investigator Role – These are the people who is required to collect all the
necessary resources that will be used by the team members so as to achieve their goals in
an effective manner.
Assurance of effective Team :
Team influence on individual performance - If the leader will work with the team itself then
they will be able to have direct contact with team members and so they can motivate them and
guide them very easily for completing their aims and objectives (Terkel, 2011).
Learning of new skills - The leaders should make sure that the team members are having all the
skills that are required to be present in them so as to perform all their work in an effective
manner.
3.3 Effectiveness of team to achieves goals
The UPES company has to make sure that their teams are work effectively and efficiently
so that they will come to know that employees are working in a correct manner or not
(Thompson, 2012). For this , leader will have to evaluate the performance of co-workers and so
as to know that which skills needs to be inculcated inside the employees for making the
performance of employees better. The employees will be provided good training in which they
will be able to learn skills and knowledge required to finish their task.
Team leader should make use of various tools and techniques which can be applied in an
organisational so as to enhance its profitability and productivity. The manager of UPES company
needs to helps the team leaders to reach the target goal and objectives. It helps to analyse the role
of an leaders and managers that satisfy the workers needs and demands. Leader of UPES
implement these methods in order to give diffenrt appraissal to its employee working in
organisation which help the to achieve goals and objectives of organisation. Leaders motivat
employees in order to achieve the target which is fixed by mangment of UPES organisation.
Leader implement these different types of tools and techniques in order to guide employee to
complete the task in stipulated periosd of time. Team leader motivate their team memebers in
order to accomplish goals and objectives of organisation which help to manage different
14

activities in effective manner. Team leader direct its members which is directed by upper level
of management of organisation. It also take initiaitive steps in order to solve various issues arises
during performing various operation in organisation. It help to coordinate the members of team
in order to perform various work activities in a systematic manner.
4.1 Planning and monitoring the performance of UPES Company
Whenever new employees is appointed in the company they are trained regarding the
working style and environment of the UPES company. After sometimes their feedback is taken
and analyse which type is grooming is required for the employees. This work is done by human
resource department of the organisation. Various methods are used by the Putple Mail company
to analyse performance:
 Surveying agents and customers: company can contact to agents and customers to check
performs of the employees. Through this method company can check performance of the
individual and further directions can be issued to employee (Walumbwa, Avolio and
Aryee, 2011).
 Random methods: If UPES company uses random method it proves to b e beneficial.
This method is used when employees is not present. But they should be aware that their
performance is evaluated, this makes employees aware and they will perform well.
 Performance appraisal: Performance appraisal is evaluating the performance of the
employees. This method proves to be effective as there is reward to good performance
and it creates competition among employees.
4.2 Development needs of an individual at UPES Company
Employees are the asset of the company. UPES Company have to work for the upliftment
of its employees. If employees are happy then it will create good impress in the competitive
market. UPES company is running in loss, but they have to take care of their employees need
and satisfaction level (Alloway, Bibile and Lau, 20131).
Human resource manager tries to retain employees in the company and launch such
strategy so they get good rewards as per their performances. Company should provide training to
its employees so their performance may get improved. Efficient work force in the organisation
may lead to edge to over competitors.
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Trained manpower is good for the organisation. Personnel also feel satisfied as if they get
training and they are up to date in current scenario. Training program of the company should be
designed in such a way that personnel also gets individual satisfaction. Training process should
followed :
 Identify training needs
 Establish specific objectives
 Select appropriate methods
 Implement programs
 Evaluate program
 Feedback
Professional Development Plan:
Focus
Area
Where
now
Will be Activity Resources Timings Reward
Communi
cation
Skills
Good in
expressing
thoughts
but is not
able to
convey it
in a
corrective
manner.
Good
communicator
and a fluent
speaker.
Communicate
with people
more often so
that word
delivery skill is
enhanced
A good
friend with
whom
communic
ation can
be done
freely.
I week Appointed
to handle
clients
who are
coming
from
different
sides.
Writing
skills
The matter
which they
are good
enough
but its
quality
needs to
be
Good quality
content
Writing more
often on various
subjects and
referring to
some grammar
books so as to
make changes.
Grammar
books,
good tutor
2 weeks Desk
related
work will
be allotted.
16

amplified.
Team
working
skills
Members
are
creative
and are
having
various
ideas as
well.
Effective team
worker
Employee
engagement
events
Creative
Employer
who can
provide
good
guidance
15 days Getting an
award of
best team
in whole
organisatio
n
Strategy For Assessment : The strategy that has been used by manager for making this plan is :-
 Survey - A survey was conducted in which information about all the employees were
gather and they were asked about the skills that they wish to learn as well.
 Observation of behaviour – This data can also be collected while observing the
candidates when they were performing their duties. This will help them in developing
their skills in a more better manner.
4.3 Evaluate the process of leadership and management
There is need of proper training and direction to employees in UPES company.
Employees training and development is directly linked with the company's development. Trained
employees works with more energy and put efforts for achievement of company's goal. HR
manager has to frame such strategies which evaluate the performance of employees (Arnold,
Fletcher and Molyneux, 2012). After evaluation, feedbacks should be provided to individuals so
that they more with more efficiency. In case of good performance employees should be rewarded
so that they feel motivated.
From the plan that is prepared by the managers, it has been evaluated that the plan was a
success as so many employees that were lacking those skills got the opportunity to learn it which
is very beneficial for them as well as company because their work will now be completed with
more appropriateness and quality will be defined from it as well.
Pros : The benefits of this plan is very much because through this, it is noticed that which
employee is lacking which skill so that it can be developed.
17

Cons : This plan will not be beneficial for those employees who are already possessing these
skills and they are using it in a corrective manner as well.
This plan is viable because it will not cause any kind of loss to the company and thus it
can be applied to any employee in the company who is in need to learn it.
Effective leader gives good influence to team. Through management there is proper flow
of accountability and authority. Through management in the organisation employees are aware
of what they should do and to whom they are accountable (Azhar, 2011). Leadership is not a
easy task. Leader should be knowledgeable enough to answerable all the query of members of
team. Leader should generate new ideas and motivate employees to come up with new ideas.
Effective leader is the person who take care of their employees and bridges the gap between
individual interest and company interest.
Therefore, it can be said that there is no magic formula for acquiring leadership skills and
only experience is required. The process of leadership and management will help the Human
resource department in identifying the gaps between the employees who are working in the
company and it will be very easy to determine that who is able to take a higher position in the
company.
CONCLUSION
From the above report, it can be concluded that leaders play a very important role inside
the company as they take care of the employees by providing them guidance and motivation all
the time so as to improve their performance and productivity. The manager only makes sure that
the recruitment process is being carried out as per legal procedures only and the leaders are
making use of good leadership styles so as to improve the work environment of company.
Employees also develop relationship with their manager and leaders that enhance the growth of
the company. As a manager, I have to play a different role such as coordinator, team worker,
investigators,motivator and finisher.
INNOVATION
18

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