Leadership and Management in Nursing

This assignment delves into the interconnected concepts of leadership and management within the nursing profession. It highlights how transformational leadership styles can enhance workforce competencies and organizational effectiveness. The analysis considers various perspectives on leadership and management in education and healthcare settings, emphasizing the importance of these roles in shaping positive work environments and delivering high-quality patient care.

Working with and leading
people

Table of Contents
INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................1
TASK 1............................................................................................................................................1
1.1 Prepare documentation to select and recruit of new staff member.......................................1
1.2 Assess the impacts of legal, regulatory and ethical considerations to the recruitment and
selections process........................................................................................................................2
1.3 Take part in the selections process........................................................................................3
1.4 Evaluation of own contribution in the process of selections.................................................4
TASK 2............................................................................................................................................4
2.1 Skills and attributes which needed for leadership.................................................................4
2.2 Difference between leadership and management..................................................................5
2.3 compare leadership styles for different situations.................................................................6
2.4 Different ways to motivate staff to achieve objectives.........................................................6
TASK 3............................................................................................................................................7
3.1 Assess the benefits of team working for UPS.......................................................................7
3.2 Working in a team as a leader and member towards specific goals and dealing with
conflicts.......................................................................................................................................8
3.3 Review of effective team in achieving goals or objectives...................................................8
TASK 4............................................................................................................................................8
4.1 Factors that involved in planning, monitoring and assessment of work performance..........8
4.2 Plan and deliver the assessment of the development needs of individuals...........................9
4.3 Evaluate the success of the assessment process....................................................................9
CONCLUSION..............................................................................................................................10
REFERENCES..............................................................................................................................11

INTRODUCTION
Human Resource Management (HRM) concern with HR department of an organisation
which perform various functions for managing people. It is an essential for running the business
because it maintain manpower and take responsibility to recruit, select and provide training to
new employees. Recruitment and selections function play important role in making effective
team and workforce. Therefore, it must be fair for people and support them to take advantages of
various opportunities (Alloway and Bibile, 2013). This report is based on the United Parcel
Services (UPS) which is one of the largest parcel services in UK. This company is facing lots of
problems or losses due to lack of leadership, management and administration. This assignment
will support in providing better solutions for improvement. It will prepare documents for select a
new member of staff and also analyse legal impacts on recruitment process. It will defined skills
for leadership and its comparison with management. It enabled how to motivate staff and
benefits of team working or its review towards goals. There will explain factors in planning of
work performance and evaluate success for assessment process.
TASK 1
1.1 Prepare documentation to select and recruit of new staff member
Recruitment is the process in which numbers of candidates attracted towards specific job
vacancy that available in the company. HR department play vital role in performing these task or
functions. It is positive process because it attracts or invites more individuals for vacant job.
Selections defines as the procedure of short listing the appropriate candidates from
various pool of applicants. This process is negative in its nature because it eliminate some of the
candidates due to unsuitability (Arnold, 2012). Selection process is depends on the recruitment
procedure because it follows to them. There are requires for proper documentation for supporting
to these process such as job description and job specifications.
Here prepared some documents related with job profile of sales manager in the United
Parcel Services such as:
Job description
Organisation Name United Parcel Services
Job Title Sales manager
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Location UK, London
Respond to Human Resource Manager
Roles and responsibilities  For managing the sales staff for providing parcel services
 Allocating the parcels to the sales person for delivering
goods and services.
 Maintains the records about all dispatches of goods for parcel
and sales persons.
 Providing training to sales staff members and delivery boys
Job Specification:
Qualification: He/ she should be graduate and post graduate in the management
with specialisations in sales and marketing.
Skills There are some skills which required as:
 Communication skills
 Training skills
 Pleasant appearance
Experience The person should have at least 1 to 2 year experience in sales
department from the same industry.
1.2 Assess the impacts of legal, regulatory and ethical considerations to the recruitment and
selections process
Legal and regulatory consideration involve various types of laws which is related with
recruitment and selections of the new employees (Fletcher, 2012). These are very beneficial for
employees and organisation for achieving success. There are some practices which can be illegal
as per employment laws and it framed by the government of UK. Several Acts are formulated by
the government such as Equality act, Employment act, Discrimination act and Health or Safety
act etc.
Employment Act: This act was formed in 1946 in the parliament of UK. Its main purpose
is to give opportunities of employment to social people so that poverty can be minimised. It also
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focus on reducing unemployment rate within the country. This act consider about society welfare
so it was formulated for workers regarding their job. It also called as the continuity policy which
is formed by federal government because it is the duty of their to provide employment
opportunities those who are able, seeking and wiling to work.
Equality Act: This act was formed in 2010 and it focuses on those laws which are against
from any unlawful practices of the employers while the process of recruitment and selections of
new staff (Azhar, 2011). In this includes various aspects such as safeguarding of employees and
discrimination in term of marriage and civil partnership etc.
Discrimination Act: This act came in the year of 1964 and it related with any
discrimination among people in term of race, colour, sex and origin etc.
Health and Safety Act: It is very important act because government formulated this law
which are enforcing the health and safety at workplace from this legislation.
1.3 Take part in the selections process
As a HR manager of UPS company, there are various roles and responsibilities which I
need to consider for improving the organisation conditions. I will take major part in the process
of recruitment and selections of new staff member for making organisation effective. HR
department is one the most important for every firm that play vital role in making effective
workforce. Manager perform his duty to monitor the entire functions of working department
within an organisation. According to this case study, it can be analysed that many of employees
faced problems and they left UPS company due to some reason (Bolman, 2014). So, being a HR
manager, I need to recruit and select capable candidates who can fulfil all requirements. Here are
the procedures of selections such as:
Conduct a recruitment process: in this process, HR manager analyse particular job
vacancy and conduct a recruitment procedures for finding suitable candidates for that post.
Therefore, manager use advertisement tool for creating awareness regarding job and invite more
candidates.
Application received: In this phase, manager receives various applications who are
interested doing job. I need to analyse suitable candidates with their skills and knowledge as well
as capabilities.
Short listing of candidates: after receiving various applications, I will find eligible
candidates who can come in next round for recruitment procedure.
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Aptitude test: It is must be required to check candidate's level by taking an aptitude test
so that I can find their presence of time for solving any kinds of issues or problems. It will
support in examining their general knowledge and aptitude quality.
Group discussion: this is the next phase which is related with discussion regarding
particular topic for examining the candidate's mind and knowledge as well as communication
skills, decision making skills and problem solving ability regarding firm.
Personal interviews: it is next round for shortlisted candidates where they are invited for
attempting face to face interview (Deal, 2014). In this, I can find the suitability of candidates by
analysing their body language, gesture, posture and way of talking. I can make better decision to
select that particular person for the organisation.
Appointment: Last but not least, the appointment of selected candidate as manager
appoint a skilled and capable candidate for specific job or position.
1.4 Evaluation of own contribution in the process of selections
As per the current situations of the UPS company, it is found that HR manager requires to
take better actions and decision for improving its conditions. United Parcel Service is one of the
largest company in the UK. It provide parcel services to the customers. There were some
circumstances which affected on the business operations and they faces various kinds of
difficulties such as CEO left company with 50 staffs. It also faced problems regarding failure to
achieve business goals or objectives. Being a HR manager, there are several roles and
responsibilities which I have to perform so that organisation can be improved in appropriate
manner. First of all, I will analyse job vacancies for proper staff workforce. I will conduct
recruitment process for hiring appropriate candidates (ChiLan and Dorjgotov, 2012). This will
support in examining person's skills and abilities as well as capacities for achieving
predetermined goals or objectives in effective manner. Therefore, I can make better team
workforce within firm by hiring suitable and capable candidates for United Parcel Services.
TASK 2
2.1 Skills and attributes which needed for leadership
It is not easy work of manager as they have to perform various difficult tasks for
managing entire business operations and also manage people for achieving goals or objectives. If
a manager or leader has no appropriate knowledge of the process and business activities then he
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cannot be able to manage his team and guide employees towards goals or objectives. It can affect
negatively on the organisation. The most important skills and knowledge required for effective
manager is the leadership skills. It can be describe by various theories and types of leadership
within organisation such as:
Great man theory: This theory stated that characteristics of leaders are inherited or by
born and it cannot be acquired. It support to that statement as leaders are born not made
(Drennan, 2012). It has been conceptualised in 19th century.
Trait theory: This theory is opposite of above as in this stated that characteristics of
leaders can be inherited as well as can be acquired after birth. In this includes various skills or
qualities such as intelligence, creativity, responsibility etc.
Behavioural theory: This theory has been framed as per the working patterns of leaders.
It consider several types of leaders who perform their works with different behaviours.
Autocratic leaders: These types of leaders do not consider any involvement of their
followers while making decisions.
Democratic leaders: In this, leaders consider the views and opinion of followers in the
decisions making process.
Laissez-fair leaders: These types of leaders are very lenient in their nature as they do not
interfere in working of their followers and only provides guidelines to them for achieving goals
or objectives.
According to me, manager required these kinds of leadership characteristics and skills for
handling situations within the firms (Hallinger, 2013). In this includes communications, problem
solving, public speaking and leadership skills. He should treat fairly to every person with
equality and have good listening skills.
2.2 Difference between leadership and management
Manager should be a effective leaders as they require various skills or qualities of
leadership for managing the process and they have to team or staff members according to
organisation.
There are some major differences between management and leadership which must be required
to follow by manager within the UPS firm.
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Leadership Management
It is concern with changing interpersonal
behaviour of people for particular work.
Management generally refers to influence
employees for getting work done.
In this included the development of process. In this involves maintaining the procedures.
Leaders provide directions to their followers
and deals with long term relationship.
Managers generally deals with employees and
subordinates for the purpose of work
completions in short time period.
2.3 compare leadership styles for different situations
Leadership style Description Situations
Commanding This style is focusing on leading
people and provide guidelines for
achieving goals.
This style generally use for
making urgent decisions as per
the situations where employees
are not enough.
Visionary In this, leaders ask to followers for
joining to them towards
achievement of objectives (Bryant,
2013).
It is very supportive in the
situations where they
implement changes in the
functions.
Associative Leadership always keep their
followers first and then everything
is after that.
It can be used by that leaders
who motivate his employees
for working in stress.
Democratic In this leader consider the view of
followers while making decisions.
It has been used for getting
views of valuable employees in
decision-making process.
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2.4 Different ways to motivate staff to achieve objectives
For the UPS company, it must be required to motivate employees for improving
performance so that they can work with effective and efficient way (Lev, 2013). Manager can
use motivational theories for this such as:
Maslow's hierarchy needs theory:
This believes in fulfilling the basic needs of individual for motivations. In this includes
five level of needs and these are give below:
Physiological needs: in this consider employees basic needs such as salary, working time
and required breaks.
Safety needs: This needs is related with provisions of safety and security working
environment to the employees.
Social needs: In this, management treats employees as the part of firm (Morrison, 2010).
They try to communicate with them and create feelings like belongingness.
Esteem needs: company provides incentives to the employees for motivate to them to
meet targets.
Self-actualisations needs: This is last need which can be meet up when employees get
chance to improve and development themselves for achieving goals or objectives.
Ways to motivate staff of UPS:
Rewards: it is most important tools for motivating employees as it is based on provision
to the rewards as per the performance.
Trainings: it also another way to motivate employees by providing training for individual
development so that they will work effectively in the organisation.
Open working environment: It is must be required to have effective working
environment which has great impact on the style and intensity of the employee.
TASK 3
3.1 Assess the benefits of team working for UPS
Team work is effective method in which group of people come and work together to
achieve a common goals (Nienaber, 2010). There are several benefits of team working such as:
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Enhance productivity: It allows may brains while performing any particular task in
which they share their ideas, views and intelligent.
Communication: Team-work will support in better communication as compared to the
employees working individually.
Learning: Employees can get more things and learn from team work through sharing
different views, opinion and ideas among group members.
Increases the speed of work: team work is very supportive in enhancing the speed of the
work for completing in limited time period.
3.2 Working in a team as a leader and member towards specific goals and dealing with conflicts
Teamwork is very useful in any organisation. Manager of UPS must be focus on building
effective team for improving conditions and achieve predetermined goals or objectives of the
company (Peterson, 2011). It helps in dealing with several kinds of situations as conflicts can
arise among team members which can harm to the firm and its failure. Therefore, manager
required to adopt several types of strategies during teamwork such as:
Proper communication: This is an important factor that can affects positively as well as
negatively within the firm. Team members requires to communicate properly for avoiding
conflicts.
Clear roles and responsibilities: every team members must be aware regarding their
roles and responsibilities within a team. It will support in handling the situations about conflicts.
Open thinking: This also important factor which helps in resolving any kinds of issues or
problems from open thinking. It is very necessary for all members of team to open their minds.
It helps in framing issues so that they can solve it in appropriate manner.
3.3 Review of effective team in achieving goals or objectives
The effectiveness of team can be reviewed as through their performance level. It can be
improved by supporting all team members for sharing their views, opinion with equal
opportunities. In this includes entire workforce or department such as human resource, sales
staffs, IT department etc. as they have to work within a team so that coordination can be
maintained (Spillane and Healey, 2010). Leaders play important role in building effective team
within the firm. UPS company can be improved by better coordination of staff members to work
effectively.
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Effectiveness of the teamwork can be reviewed through proper examining the personal as
well as team performance outcomes. This can be analysed by generated ideas as well as solutions
for providing solutions.
TASK 4
4.1 Factors that involved in planning, monitoring and assessment of work performance
This is very necessary for employees to monitor and assessment of their work
performance within the UPS company. It support to the manager to ensure about employees
productivity at individual level and analyse the training needs for developing their skills in
effective manner (Terkel, 2011). There are some factors that can affects the planning and
monitoring and assessment of work performance such as:
 Available resources will helps to employees in performing task within limited time
period.
 Manager can use various approaches to improve performance and build better relations
among employees.
 Monitoring can be done through provisions of the performance feedbacks to the people.
 Manager can motivate to employees by providing rewards who deserve it.
4.2 Plan and deliver the assessment of the development needs of individuals
Manager should evaluate the development needs of every employees. It is an essentials to
analyse the strengths and weaknesses of the employees and also formulate plans for developing
skills or enhance their performance.
Assessment of strengths and weaknesses of the employees in the UPS company such as:
 Determine the objectives which is required to achieve by an organisation.
 Defined the difference in the present skills and required skills of employee
 Implementation of entire programmes and activities for develop skills.
 Evaluate training programmes.
 Ensure about success of the organisation.
4.3 Evaluate the success of the assessment process
This is very important activity for UPS company in which they analyse the success of
assessment process. It is related with improvement in the employee's skills as well as ensure
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about productivity of the department (Thompson, 2012). There are some steps which must be
followed to check regarding success of the assessment plan such as:
 First step is to conduct a assessment plan for developing individual needs.
 To identify the level of understanding of employees in UPS through interview process.
 Evaluate the difference of understanding level by conducting examinations.
 Monitor individual performance in practical fields.
 Compare the current performance of employees with set standards.
 Review the outcomes from the individual performance in the UPS firm.
Therefore, these are very supportive methods to determines the success of the assessment plan
(Walumbwa and Aryee, 2011). It can be evaluate as if the results of employees performance has
raised it means, assessment plan is successful and if it is not like that then the plan may not be
effective to develop individual required skills.
CONCLUSION
From the above report, it has been concluded that every firm required effective workforce
and positive environment for running the business. Manager should manage people or employees
for achieving goals or objectives. They should provide training and learnings to staff members.
This report is based on United Parcel Services which is facing various kinds of problems. HR
manager required to take better action for improving their conditions such as effective
leadership, management and administration for implementing the business policies.
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REFERENCES
Books and Journals
Alloway, T. P., Bibile, V. and Lau, G., (2013). Computerized working memory training: Can it
lead to gains in cognitive skills in students?. Computers in Human Behavior. 29(3).
pp.632-638.
Arnold, R., Fletcher, D. and Molyneux, L., (2012). Performance leadership and management in
elite sport: recommendations, advice and suggestions from national performance
directors. European sport management quarterly. 12(4). pp.317-336.
Azhar, S., (2011). Building information modeling (BIM): Trends, benefits, risks, and challenges
for the AEC industry. Leadership and management in engineering. 11(3). pp.241-
252.
Bolman, L. and Deal, T., (2014). Leadership and management. Christian Youth Work in Theory
and Practice: A Handbook. p.245.
Chi, H. K., Lan, C. H. and Dorjgotov, B., (2012). The moderating effect of transformational
leadership on knowledge management and organizational effectiveness. Social
Behavior and Personality: an international journal. 40(6). pp.1015-1023.
Drennan, J., (2012). Masters in nursing degrees: an evaluation of management and leadership
outcomes using a retrospective pre‐test design. Journal of nursing
management. 20(1). pp.102-112.
Hallinger, P. and Bryant, D., (2013). Mapping the terrain of educational leadership and
management in East Asia. Journal of Educational Administration. 51(5). pp.618-637.
Lev, A. I., (2013). Transgender emergence: Therapeutic guidelines for working with gender-
variant people and their families. Routledge.
Morrison, K., (2010). Complexity theory, school leadership and management: Questions for
theory and practice. Educational Management Administration & Leadership. 38(3).
pp.374-393.
Nienaber, H., (2010). Conceptualisation of management and leadership. Management
Decision. 48(5). pp.661-675.
Peterson, B., (2011). Cultural intelligence: A guide to working with people from other cultures.
Nicholas Brealey Publishing.
Spillane, J. P. and Healey, K., (2010). Conceptualizing school leadership and management from
a distributed perspective: An exploration of some study operations and measures. The
elementary school journal. 111(2). pp.253-281.
Terkel, S., (2011). Working: People talk about what they do all day and how they feel about
what they do. The New Press.
Thompson, J., (2012). Transformational leadership can improve workforce competencies:
Managers are responsible for organising workloads and employees, and ensuring
wards have the right balance of skills. Juliana Thompson explains how senior nurses
can integrate their leadership and management roles to achieve these goals. Nursing
Management. 18(10). pp.21-24.
Walumbwa, F. O., Avolio, B. J. and Aryee, S., (2011). Leadership and management research in
Africa: A synthesis and suggestions for future research. Journal of Occupational and
Organizational Psychology. 84(3). pp.425-439.
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Online
Leadership and management. 2017. [Online]. Available Through:
<https://managementstudyguide.com/leadership-management.htm>.
Works with Leading people. 2017. [Online]. Available Through:
<https://hbr.org/2015/06/leading-people-when-they-know-more-than-you-do>.
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