Leadership and Management in East Asia

This assignment delves into the field of educational leadership and management within East Asia. It examines various theoretical frameworks and practical applications relevant to this context. The assignment requires students to analyze scholarly articles and research studies on topics such as stakeholder engagement, complexity theory, and motivational interviewing in relation to educational leadership.

Working with and
leading people

Table of Contents
INTRODUCTION ..........................................................................................................................1
TASK 1 ...........................................................................................................................................1
1.1 Required documentation while recruiting and selecting new employees.............................1
1.2 Impact of legal and ethical considerations on recruitment and selection..............................4
1.3 Description of selection process............................................................................................4
1.4 Evaluating my contribution in Selection Process .................................................................5
TASK 2 ...........................................................................................................................................5
2.1 State the attributes and skills needed for Leadership............................................................5
2.2 State the difference between leadership and management....................................................6
2.3 Assess different Learning styles............................................................................................7
2.4 Determine different ways to motivate staff...........................................................................7
TASK 3 ...........................................................................................................................................9
3.1 Determine the benefit of Team Working..............................................................................9
3.2 Importance of working in team as leader and member.......................................................10
3.3 Review the Team Effectiveness..........................................................................................10
TASK 4 .........................................................................................................................................11
4.1 Determine various factors that involved in monitoring work performance........................11
4.2 Assess the development need of individual........................................................................11
4.3 State the success of assessment process..............................................................................12
CONCLUSION..............................................................................................................................13
REFERENCES..............................................................................................................................14
.......................................................................................................................................................15
.......................................................................................................................................................15

INTRODUCTION
Human resource management is identify as one of the main and essential part of the
every organisation whose play vital role in recruiting and selecting knowledgable candidates
(Works with Leading people, 2017). In the success and development of the enterprise, people
play important role in hiring right candidates for the correct job. Human resource of the each and
every business entity have different responsibility to motivate and encourage employees in a
systematic way. In the assignment, given organisation is UPS (United Parcel Service) company,
it is an American multinational package delivery organisation in United Kingdom (Alloway,
Bibile and Lau, 2013). This project is divided into various tasks which includes process of
selection, different types of motivation and leadership styles which help manager to motivate
their staff members. Preparation an advertisement to recruit a new staff members is also analysed
in this study. Importance and benefits of team working and development of individual needs is
also determined in this project.
TASK 1
1.1 Required documentation while recruiting and selecting new employees
UPS is an American package delivery organisation which headquartered in United State
city of Georgia, Sandy Spring. It was founded by David Abney in August 28, 1907 in US. This
business organisation need a talented staff members who easily accomplish long term objectives
and targets of company. Main aim and motive of this organisation is to gain competitive edge in
given time duration (Arnold, Fletcher and Molyneux, 2012). In this human resource manager
play vital role in recruiting best candidates in the organisation. As a HR manager of the UPS, I
am able to hire best candidates in the company. In this I am able to prepare personal
specification, job description of clients. These are shown under this:
JOB DESCRIPTION
UPS needed to recruit talented and knowledgable staff members in their organisation. United
Parcel Services company is famous for its delivering facilities.
Role Title : Staff Members
Store Name: United Parcel Service (UPS)
Type of Role: Perm
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Hours: Full-time
Salary & Benefits: Up to £20,000
Closing Date: 20/06/2018
Post : Staff Member
Report to: Human Resource Manager
Main purpose of the job: Motive and aim of this job is hiring best candidates who can easily
deal with customers and solve difficult situation in proper way.
Main roles and responsibilities:
 Preparing important paperwork for daily process of business
 Managing budget in accurate manner.
 Scheduling appointments and meeting
 Organising and handling workers records
Person Specification Descriptions
Experience  Past experience of managing a high
performing group members.
 Have powerful organisational,
analytical and thinking skills.
 Have better ability to manage all
employees in easily.
Skills & Qualifications  Excellent communication skill.
 Better planning and monitor capability.
 Keeping long lasting and strong
relationship with clients.
 Reducing costs and delivering KPIs.
Other  To communicate all workforce in easy
and smooth way.
 Another responsibility is to accomplish
long term objective of business
organisation.
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Application Form:
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1.2 Impact of legal and ethical considerations on recruitment and selection
When the selection and recruitment process of staff member of UPS starts, the HR
manager has to follow different rules and legislation which not only decrease the risks but also
support in obtaining the best and suitable prospects for the organisation. Different acts which are
included and their effects on hiring the staff members for United Parcel services company are:
Impact of Equity act: (2010) While hiring the best and suitable candidates, HRD can not
make favouritism among the prospects according to its gender, age, disability and many other
factor. The campaigner should be selected or hired as per its capabilities and knowledge (Beeley,
2012).
Race relation act (1976): Main and motive of developing such kind of legislation is to
protecting and motivating employees for its work and performance. This act highly impact on
employees performance and productivity. In this He/She who measure up for the vacant job
position should be provided chance of the race. In this role of human resource manager is to
check that whether prospects have legal permissions and right to work in United Kingdom or not.
Employment protection act (1978): Under this act, role of the human resource manager
is to protect employees as per its work and performance (Bush and Middlewood, 2013). In this ,
manager should tries to provide fair remuneration and salary to the staff members. So this act
also effect on business and its effectiveness and performance in a direct way.
1.3 Description of selection process
In order to selecting right candidates for the correct job is identify as a selection process.
As a human resource manager of UPS, I will take different process and steps which are
determined as below:
Job Analysis: It is a first step which is necessary for the HR manager is to find out job
specification and description for a vacant position in UPS. I am already analysed the job
specification and description for staff members.
Advertising the job: In order to attract suitable candidates for the vacant position I has to
promote and advertise job position via media, internet, newspapers, social networking and so on
(Chen and et. al., 2014).
Initial Screening: It is next process which is important for the Human resource manager
of UPS is to check age, qualification, knowledge of the staff members.
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Application form: Under this, candidates has to complete all form which has different
questions related to the staff members job position. It will support in understanding more details
regarding the candidates.
Tests: It is also identify as a role and responsibility of HR manager is to take written test
in order to analysis the analytical quality of the staff members who are pass out the process of
application form for the vacant position.
Personal interview: Under this process, HR manager organise interview program where
manager ask different questions to the candidates for the vacant position.
Reference and medical check: At this process candidates who are apply for the job
position of staff members has to render some better references and he or she should be salutary
for the job (Fraley, Vicary and Brumbaugh, 2011).
Job offer: It is a last process and role of HR manager is to select best candidates and
provide job offer in an accurate manner.
1.4 Evaluating my contribution in Selection Process
In the selection process I take mu full contribution in applying different advertisement
techniques for promoting job vacancy. As a HR manager of the UPS company I will take and
implement different aspects in order to see that the selection and recruitment of the staff member
is ethical and fair. I will tries for having various employees (Goleman, 2010). There should be an
effective proportion of female and male workers in the UPS. This will support in making staff
members more comfortable. In this prospects from the rural and backward areas should also be
applied. I will proceeds of any type of discrimination in the process of selection. Under this
entire workforce are treated equally. I will also provide my full efforts in making long lasting
and strong relationship with employees by providing motivation to them.
TASK 2
2.1 State the attributes and skills needed for Leadership
A good leader of the business organisation have different role and responsibility in order
to guide and direct their employees for working in better manner (Grint and Holt, 2011). So it
will support the business organisation to gain competitive edge and increase their sales and
revenues. Leader have various duties to easily communicate all information and data about
chances in business and many other to the employees. As UPS is recently having leadership
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issues in the organisation which outputs is higher turnover of employees. Thus, United parcel
service business is needed to have good leader who can easily achieve long and short term
objectives of enterprise. There are different attributes and skills that make an effective and good
leader are determined as below:
Honesty: It is one of the main and foremost attributes which help leader to guide and
direct their workforce honestly for doing all work and activities in an effective and efficient
manner. It will support the organisation to accomplish their predetermined goals and objectives
(Gwyer, 2010).
Communication: It is a skill of the leader which help to communicate all information to
the workforce with aim to increasing sales and revenues of the USP. In this leader of the
company should take an effective decision for making team building. Further it will support to
attract large number of the customers towards business services.
Team managing: It is another skill which assist to manage team in an effective and
proper manner. Effective team working support the organisation to improve their profitability
and productivity level in easy manner.
Positive attitude: It is another attribute which is posse by the leader in order to deal with
difficult situation in an easy manner (Hallinger and Bryant, 2013). With the help of this quality
they maintain strong relationship with clients and gain competitive edge for the USP company.
2.2 State the difference between leadership and management
As per the case study of USP company, manager should be the good leader of the
organisation (Leadership and management, 2017). There are different points which are define
the difference between management and leadership. These are determine as below:
Leadership Management
Leadership is regarding modifying the
interpersonal skill of the assistant towards
work.
Management refers to obtaining work
completed from the workforce.
Leadership consider development and progress
of the procedures.
Management consider to maintain and keep the
already available process.
Leader of the UPS deal with their assistance
for long duration and show them the guidelines
Managers of the United Parcel company deal
with entire workforce for short duration of the
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to work. completion of projects.
Leader mainly emphasis on the employees and
teach them in the form to work efficiently with
motive to create their skills.
Manager mainly emphasis on the completion
of projects and deadline of work. They retain
the structure and system of the pre working
schedule.
Leadership is identify as a proactive approach
as per this they teach the assistance in order to
work particularly.
Management is identify as a reactive approch
as as per this they manage and handle the work
environment and workers in the time period of
task performance.
2.3 Assess different Learning styles
There are different kind of leadership styles which is follow by the leader of United
Parcel Service company (Lev, 2013). All these styles apply in different situation which are
determined as below:
Leadership style Description Organisational situation
Democratic In this styles leader of the
company mainly focuses on
the point of view of staff
members in the decision
making process.
This style of leadership has
been applied to obtain view of
the precious workers that
output in judgement that are
more efficient and effective.
Associative It is another important
leadership style which deal
with maintaining the
employees relation is first and
all things are after that.
This style use when the leader
motivate their all workforce to
work and perform with stress
free.
Pacesetting It is another essential
leadership style which is use
by the leader in order to set
standards for workforce.
It is apply when leader to
acquire outputs from the
precious workers.
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2.4 Determine different ways to motivate staff
It is very essential in order to motivate and encourage workers to work effectively. There
are different motivation theories which are the part of content and process theory (Mayfield,
2014). But USP only apply Maslow's Hierarchy needs theory (Maslow's Hierarchy needs theory,
2018). These aspects includes different points which are determine as below:
Physiological needs: It is identify as a role of manager is to provide basic needs to
employees such as accurate working timing, salary and needed breaks.
Safety needs: This type of need mainly related with the provision of safe working
atmosphere which is required by the employees (Miller and Rollnick, 2012).
Love need: It is management role to treat entire workforce equally and try to transmit
with them. Thus this need develop a better belongingness feeling in them.
(Source: Maslow's Hierarchy needs theory, 2018
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Illustration 1: Maslow's Hierarchy needs theory

Esteem needs: In this United Parcel service organisation render incentives, reward and so
on to the workers who meet with business and their targets and goals easily (Morrison, 2010).
This motivate the employees to work with full dedication.
Self-actualization needs: It is also a basic need of the employees in which they get the
opportunity to create themselves and have better feeling of accomplishment in them.
There are different ways to motivate staffs which are apply by the UPS in their organisation.
These are determine as below:
Training: It is one of the best aspect to motivate and encourage workers. In this role of
manager is to provide personal training for its own development beside this business
development (Offstein, Morwick and Koskinen, 2010). So that they work with effectively and
gain higher advantages for the business entity.
Rewards: It is provided by the managers to their workers who perform better in the
functions and activities of company. Thus, it highly support the employees to work long time in
the organisation.
Open working atmospheres: It has great effect on the intensity and working style of the
workers. If the business has open working atmosphere where entire workforce are treated in
equal manner, it is essential for the administration than the workers feel happily to work and
perform for the enterprise.
TASK 3
3.1 Determine the benefit of Team Working
Teamwork is identify as one of the best approach or working in which large number of
workers are work with each other for the accomplishment of common goal and interest (Rees
and French, 2016). There are different advantages of team working which are determined as
below:
Improve productivity: Team working is very essential and beneficial for the organisation
to improve productivity of the organisation in an effective and efficient manner.
Communication: It is another benefit of team working in which team tend to transmit
more as comparison to the workers working individually.
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Enhance quality: Team working also support and benefited to the USP to enhance
quality effectively. In this manager is responsible to improve their service quality which attract
large number of the customers towards them.
Maximise the work speed: Effective teamwork raise the work speed and support to
complete al tasks easily. So it is beneficial for the United Parcel company to accomplish their
predetermined objectives and targets easily.
Deal with conflict situation: Effective team working is also beneficial for the USP in order to
solve all issue in an accurate manner. Thus, it support the company to maximise customers as
well as employee relation in long duration.
Learning and training: Better teamwork assist the entire workforce who are working in the
UPS. With the help of these they can easily share their problems and views. Team working is
also essential and useful for the organisation to attain competitive advantages easily.
3.2 Importance of working in team as leader and member
Teamwork renders is beneficial and important to the UPS but is outputs in some of the
misunderstanding that may emergence because of difference in the behaviour and view of group
members (Savikko and et. al., 2010). Conflict and many other issues in the group may outputs in
ineffective judgements that can difficult the UPS in single and different way. These type of
issues can be resolute by applying some scheme during teamwork are determine as below:
Clear responsibility and roles: In this each and every member of the team should be alert
of his or her duties in the group. It is identify as a foremost factor that can restrict
misunderstanding in the team.
Accurate communication: It is identify as one of the main and essential factor for the
United Parcel service company to properly communicate with their team members. Regulation
and rules in the communication guide to conflict.
Open thinking: It is essential and necessary for all team members to keep and maintain
their mind open. If the identify a picture regarding a problem, than doesn't observe other side of
the problem that may be addressed by other group members. In this Belbin developed a roles of
nine list that each and every members should have (Savikko, Routasalo and Pitkälä, 2010).
These role and responsibility are human resource, plant, shaper, coordinator, team worker,
evaluator, monitor, implementer, specialist and completer-finisher.
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Accurate information and data: It is the role of manager and leader in order to provide
accurate information and data to the employees. Thus it is beneficial for them to maximise their
profitability and productivity ratio in limited time period. Further it assist to reduce employees
turnover in the organisation.
3.3 Review the Team Effectiveness
Team effectiveness is one of the best and essential way to the organisation in order to
maximise their sales and revenues in a short duration. This will also help to deal with difficult
situation in easy manner and achieve long term goals and objectives for same. Working in the
team support the United parcel service to easily deliver their parcel as well as accomplish
predetermined objectives and targets (Stubbs and et. al., 2014). Team working is more essential
and beneficial aspects of the organisation to maintain long lasting and strong relation with
customers as well as employees also. Effective team working is also important for the company
to keep their better position in marketplace. Effective team working also essential and beneficial
for the UPS to improve their performance and image in marketplace by giving quality products
and services to the customers at reasonable price
TASK 4
4.1 Determine various factors that involved in monitoring work performance
It is essential and significant for business administrator in order to control employees
performance as well as provide them proper comment effectively. There are different ways
which are apply by the United Parcel Service company in order to evaluate employees
performance. These are determine as below:
Setting up random approach: UPS company has applied various approaches of quality
control which assist in evaluating employees performance in an effective and efficient manner. It
is best approach for the organisation to observe work and performance of employees effectively
(Vie, 2012). In this enterprise is capable to provide different approaches to the all employees
which help to maximise sales and turnover of the company in an effective and systematic
manner.
Surveying consumers and clients: It is identify as a role and responsibility of marketing
manager is to conduct survey which help to them to identify basic needs and wants of the clients
about business services and products. In this business entity allot different tasks t their all
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workforce. So in this company observe their all employees and its work. It is essential for the
organisation to reduce employees turnover and maximise their effectiveness and performance in
the marketplace.
Performance Appraisals: It is another important and beneficial factor which is apply by
the United Parcel service company in order to analysis their employees performance and work in
an effective and efficient manner (Vie, 2012). This business provide performance appraisal to
their employees who work and perform better as compared to other employees.
4.2 Assess the development need of individual
Development needs and requirements of the staff members in determined in various
situation which are shown as below:
Development needs Need may be addressed
Job design: It is a identify as a basic requirement of the
staff member which is concentrated to the
methods and relationship as well as contend of
job to accomplish business and technological
requirement and personal or social needs of
the job. In order to complete this UPS should
render motivation and encourage to them.
Job rotation: It is identify other requirement of the staff
members as to boost at various level according
to its work as well as performance (Beeley,
2012). It is the responsibility of human
resource manager is to promote staff member
as per its ability.
Job enrichment: It is applied with the support of human
resource administrator because they are liable
for giving motivation to their handler. So that
they perform and work with happily and gain
higher sales and revenue of the UPS.
Job enlargement In this duty of staff member who are selected
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for the vacant position in UPS. They need to
enlarge their position in the company so that
they work with full dedication and efforts.
4.3 State the success of assessment process
Above determined plan which is essential and needed by the HR manager is to analysis
performance of employees in an effective and efficient manner. There are principally three
approaches which are significant for evaluating performance of the workers are identified as
below:
Improved or enhanced productivity: It is more essential and significant which is shown
the role and responsibility of manager and leader of the UPS in order to improve productivity
and performance of organisation (Arnold, Fletcher and Molyneux, 2012). It is also important to
attract large number of clients towards business services and products.
How to measured employees performance: In order to measure new employees
performance, United Parcel Service company use KPI's framework which help them to easily
evaluate worker performance easily. It will also help them to maximise sales and revenues of the
company in given time period.
Effectiveness of worker's performance: It is identify as a role of manager and leader to
measure employees performance as well as identify its effectiveness in the organisation
(Alloway, Bibile and Lau, 2013). It is support the business manger to improve their goodwill and
image in marketplace.
CONCLUSION
From the above mentioned information, it can be concluded the people or Human
resource manager has different role to recruit suitable candidates who can deal with difficult
situation easily. In this business manager prepare a job specification and description of the staff
members which help to easily identify qualification and knowledge of new staff. In order to
maintain strong relationship with employees, company apply different motivation theories which
help them to enhance productivity and profitability of organisation. Various leadership styles of
used by the firm with motive to manage difficult situation in an easy manner. Development need
of individuals are determine in various ways such as Job design, Job rotation, Job enrichment
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and Job enlargement. All these are identify role of manager and leader to accomplish
predetermined objectives and targets of the enterprise.
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REFERENCES
Books and Journals
Alloway, T. P., Bibile, V. and Lau, G., 2013. Computerized working memory training: Can it
lead to gains in cognitive skills in students?. Computers in Human Behavior. 29(3).
pp.632-638.
Arnold, R., Fletcher, D. and Molyneux, L., 2012. Performance leadership and management in
elite sport: recommendations, advice and suggestions from national performance
directors. European sport management quarterly. 12(4). pp.317-336.
Beeley, C. A., 2012. Leading God's People: Wisdom from the Early Church for Today. Wm. B.
Eerdmans Publishing.
Bush, T. and Middlewood, D., 2013. Leading and managing people in education. Sage.
Chen, L. K and et. al., 2014. Sarcopenia in Asia: consensus report of the Asian Working Group
for Sarcopenia. Journal of the American Medical Directors Association.15(2). pp.95-
101.
Fraley, R. C., Vicary, A. M. and Brumbaugh, C.C., 2011. The experiences in close relationships
—Relationship Structures Questionnaire: A method for assessing attachment
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Goleman, D., 2010. Why leading sustainability matters more than ever. People & Strategy.
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Grint, K and Holt, C., 2011. Leading questions: If ‘Total Place’,‘Big Society’and local
leadership are the answers: What’s the question?. Leadership. 7(1). pp.85-98.
Gwyer, R., 2010. Leading in difficult times: what can we learn from the literature?. New review
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Hallinger, P. and Bryant, D., 2013. Mapping the terrain of educational leadership and
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Lev, A. I., 2013. Transgender emergence: Therapeutic guidelines for working with gender-
variant people and their families. Routledge.
Mayfield, P., 2014. Engaging with stakeholders is critical when leading change. Industrial and
Commercial Training. 46(2). pp.68-72.
Miller, W.R. and Rollnick, S., 2012. Motivational interviewing: Helping people change.
Guilford press.
Morrison, K., 2010. Complexity theory, school leadership and management: Questions for theory
and practice. Educational Management Administration & Leadership. 38(3). pp.374-
393.
Offstein, E. H., Morwick, J. M. and Koskinen, L., 2010. Making telework work: leading people
and leveraging technology for competitive advantage. Strategic HR Review. 9(2). pp.32-
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Rees, G. and French, R. eds., 2016. Leading, managing and developing people. Kogan Page
Publishers.
Savikko, N and et. al., 2010. Psychosocial group rehabilitation for lonely older people:
favourable processes and mediating factors of the intervention leading to alleviated
loneliness. International journal of older people nursing. 5(1). pp.16-24.
Savikko, N., Routasalo, P., and Pitkälä, K., 2010. Psychosocial group rehabilitation for lonely
older people: favourable processes and mediating factors of the intervention leading to
alleviated loneliness. International journal of older people nursing. 5(1). pp.16-24.
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