Comparison of Training and Development Practices

The assignment explores the comparison of training and development practices between British Airways (BA) and Transport for London (TfL), including their selection processes, different types of training, and the effectiveness of these practices on performance. It also reflects on the benefits and differences between both organizations in terms of training and human resource management.

HUMAN RESOURCE
MANAGEMENT OF
SERVICE INDUSTRIES

Table of Contents
INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................1
TASK 1............................................................................................................................................1
1.1 Role and purpose of HRM in British Airways......................................................................1
1.2 HR plan based on demand and supply services...................................................................2
TASK 2............................................................................................................................................2
2.1 Employee relations in airline industry..................................................................................2
2.2 Employment law affects management of HR in British Airways.........................................3
TASK 3............................................................................................................................................4
3.1 Job description......................................................................................................................4
3.2 Comparison between British Airways and Transport for London on the bases of their
selection process..........................................................................................................................5
TASK 4............................................................................................................................................9
4.1 ..................................................................................................................9
CONCLUSION................................................................................................................................9
REFERENCES................................................................................................................................9
REFERENCES..............................................................................................................................11

INTRODUCTION
Human resource management is one the best strategic approach that defines process of
managing workers in organization. HRM concept is based on planning, recruiting, forecasting
and monitoring employees performance at workplace (Amin and et.al., 2014). It is the better way
in which service industry hires new candidates and trains new workers as required for serving
good services and products. The present report is based on British Airways which is the largest
airline in UK, based on fleet size. In this report will explain about the purpose and role of Human
resource management and plan of HR based on supply and demand of services. This study discus
the importance of employee relations and employment law that affects management of HR in
company. Moreover, it clarifies personal specification and job description and also include
selection process of organization. It will justify the importance or needs of training and
development in service industry business.
TASK 1
1.1 Role and purpose of HRM in British Airways
Human resource management play vital role in organization, they suggest company
management team how to manage workers strategically as business resources. It includes hiring,
managing and recruiting workers, subordinating employees benefits and suggesting staff
development and training strategies (Wallace and et.al., 2014). HRM oversee the most essential
component of successful business for example, British Airways. They help them to manage their
entire functions and activities by hiring new candidates how have good skills and knowledge of
work in better way.
Roles of Human resource department-
 Recruitment: Recruitment is the main functions of HRM, they need to maintain staffing
levels and assure British Airways that they are working with the skilled and knowledge
people. Recently organization successfully gain big agreement in which they flight to
Maderia form Heathrow. Thus, for working on this process they need more employees or
effective workforce that helps them in the whole procedure effectively. Human resource
management support firm and hire new workers for them that support BA through
performing well.
 Training and development: It is the indispensable functions of HRM that helps British
Airways for serving their better services to customers (Lange and et.al., 2015). By
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provide employees training and development session human resource management build
stronger team that offer good quality products or facilities. To build effective team firm
compete with other airlines and raise their position in service industries. It is attempt to
develop and improve future and current performance of organization workers that will
increase their abilities which is very beneficial for business growth and success.
 Performance appraisal: Analyze employees skills and knowledge or work performance
human resource management appraise them (Mpofu and Hlatywayo, 2015). It helps
British Airways to find out effective employee who are hired by HRM and move towards
organization objectives and goals. It also helps firm to measure whether workers needs
for improvement in other areas. On the bases of performance they make plans for giving
benefits and compensation to them.
Purpose of HRM
The main purpose of HRM is to coordinate employees or other people within British
Airways to gain business objectives and achieve its goals. By coordination they share more
information with the staff and guide them how to perform for making business more successful
than the other organizations. Human resource management also helps workers and other staff
members to increase employee retention levels that is very beneficial for business growth (Paillé
and et.al., 2014). Through communication with staff they will understand their issues and
problems, and try to resolve it as soon as possible within having the purpose of building capacity
of business stronger than another.
1.2 HR plan based on demand and supply services
British Airways has currently gained new agreement for flights to Madeira form
Heathrow in which they need good and effective workforce, who help organization for supply
quality products and services in better way. Thus, to achieve this program they need effective
team because they are currently had 130 passengers in one fights. To manage these passengers
they want 20 cabin crew members but still they have only 10 employees. Regarding this process
Human resource make plan and hire new candidates for succeeding in this program.
Cabin attendants attend passengers safely and make them comfortable during whole time
period of travel. Air hosts and hostesses offer passenger products and service in better way and
all the other staff members do their job perfectly. To run business effectively they need 20 staff
members in which each of them are playing their different roles within purpose of serving good
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quality services to passengers. Typical Air hostess flies between 75 and 90 hours per month and
spends approximately 50 hours in other performance related activities.
TASK 2
2.1 Employee relations in airline industry
Employment relations is legal connection between employees and employers, it exists
when individual performs their work or service under certain situations in return for
remuneration. Airlines industry always concentrate on building up their employees relations with
them more stronger and better. They provide all the facilities and service to them that make it
comfortable at work places. For example, British Airways does many efforts to control or
manage relationships between its staff and employer. It poses to the ways in which organization
manage their ER with its cabin crew and other people in firm. They treated their employees as
most valuable resource to build strong relation between them. This process creates healthy and
positive environment that increase their interest levels more than now. Organization provide
training to their weak employees that helps them to develop their skills and knowledge. They
involved employee in taking any decisions that enhance employees intention towards
organization business. Comprehensive training and re-design every programmers according to
staff members needs changes the whole style of worker behavior that moves them towards more
flexible organization business structure.
British Airways is a well known and well established organization that have wide
collective bargaining framework as its employees play their important role. Employee relations
is very sensitive topic, so for that company HRM department has to focus on staff needs. They
will build stronger relationships with its workers by encourage them for giving their effective
performance in workplace that raise the levels of business growth and success. BA provide equal
careers opportunity to its workers and other staff members that increase their working interest
more and more. By creating trust worthy and understanding environment they retain employee
and customers both for long term period.
By getting employees input in strategic decision making organization will increase their
relationships standards higher than now, that build trust between both of them. Communicate
with them about their mission and vision and discussed with workers how to achieve it like,
British Airways recently gain agreement in which they will fly the fights to Madeira from
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Heathrow, for that they need staff support that help them to run this process effectively or
smoothly. All these things happen due to good employment relationships under business that is
very beneficial for them and they will compete competitors in airlines industry.
2.2 Employment law affects management of HR in British Airways
Employment law is a set of many laws that deal with the rights of workers in workplace
and reflect the responsibility of employers. It covers with huge range of issues form occupational
safety, pension retirement and plans, and discrimination in work areas. The main purpose of EL
is to protect staff from fraud and other obligations, they need to provide fair opportunity to
develop carrier. Some of the following employment laws that effect British Airways human
resource-
1. Equality Act 2010- UK Equality Act 2010 refers workplace discrimination towards age,
religion and more. This concept is based on many separate part of outdated legislation
from previous decades. According to this law organizations need to treat all the
employees equally in workplaces, they do not make and differences on bases of their age,
disability and gender (Bryson, 2017). It effects the management of HR within British
Airways, they do their work without any issues. They will performance without any
hesitation that make them comfortable and satisfied in company. This act protect them
form certain illnesses when workers are established as disability. BA performance
according to this act which impact on their employees work, they feel free and safe that is
one of the best opportunity for grow themselves at workplaces in wider organization.
2. Health and Safety Act 1974: In this Act all the employers meet with their legal
responsibilities, it also how health and safety at work etc, Act 1974 impact employees in
British Airways in UK. It is a government structure enforcing workplaces guard and
health legislation. According to this Act British Airways must provide all the safety and
health care tools to its workers and specially give them training regarding with the same.
It is their duty to ensure reasonable welfare at work for their staff or other members in
organization (What is the Health and Safety at Work Act, 2018) It effects management of
BA that put some burden over them, they must keep changes in their structure that ensure
employees about their safety. Company must follow all the rules and regulation of this
Act. It also effects employees behavior and others, regarding with these rule British
Airways HRM provide training to them about safety purpose that help during fire or other
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incidents at workplace. Accordant to safety Act 1975 firm must offer health and safety
agreement or policies to workers that retain staff with them for longer time period.
TASK 3
3.1 Job description
Job description is a document that describe positions related duties, general task and
responsibilities of job position for example, Cabin crew of British Airways. In this document
person skills, knowledge and qualifications are mentioned which is required for the job place in
organization. JB are built as shortlist of competencies and it is usually conducted job analysis,
which involves examining sequence of tasks that is essential to perform duty. BA required cabin
Crew for achieve their business goals and objectives regarding to the new agreement
(Ilkhanizadeh and Karatepe, 2017). The purpose of this job is to deliver outstanding client
services, they want that the person should be passionate and enthusiastic about British Airways
service and products and put their all efforts to retain customers with organization for longer
time. Within this opportunity they develop its skills and knowledge more than their career that
helps them to get recognized as the best employees in the company.
Candidates should be responsible and have all the knowledge regarding operational
safety, health and security of customers and others as well as they have to know how to perform
for balancing the highest maintenance standards of British Airways that are complaint with
British Airways City Flyer and EASA which is required for this job position. As Cabin Crew
Member it is their biggest responsibility to maintain safety compliance at all the times within
having the understanding about safety tools training. They must deliver good quality services to
customers that attract them more towards BA facilities. They have to performance regarding in
line with BA facility behavior and standards and give the efforts to achieve it in better way. CC
members must work according to all the legal procedures and relevant legislation, but if they do
not do this they should be answerable for that thing.
Personal specification
Person specification described personal attributes desired in potential workers. It includes
skills and knowledge of candidates that must have in order to accomplished tasks of position
offer by organization such as Cabin Crew in British Airways. According to it Cabin Crew
member should be qualified and have the noesis about security and safety of BA customers.
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Organization needs that candidates would be passionate about their work every time that build
company reputation in airlines industry more than the others. They have an ability to deal with
difficult situations and make flexibility in their working style. They should understand other
culture as well as give respect to them. Their age must be 18 or above at time of application and
they have all the legal documents that ensure BA about their citizen ship.
3.2 Comparison between British Airways and Transport for London on the bases of their
selection process
Bases British Airways cabin crew
selection process
Transport for London,
customer services assistant
recruitment process
Step 1 Human resource management
of BA need to hire new Cabin
Crew member in which they
conduct selection process.
First step of these procedures
is that organization placed
their vacancies or job required
positions information on their
careers web page that helps
candidates to find the
requirement in firm easily as
compare to the Transport
London selection process.
Transport for London placed
their customer services
assistant vacancy information
on their personal websites and
some time they also placed all
details through recruitment
agencies that is much costly
for their business.
Step 2 After crossing the first stage,
candidates drop up to second
stage in which they have to
answered some important
questions that comply with
them to the British Airways
requirements. In this stage
A compare to BA selection
process, TfL create vacancy
page that need more
investments that affect its
financial budgets. In this step
candidates should be create
their login id and password
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each and every questions helps
person to know about what
organization required to them
and what they want to do for
passing this selection process.
that make difficulty at the time
when candidates forgot both
things and result is that they
cannot login again.
Step 3 Thus, after passing the above
stages, candidates need to
complete an interest form in
which they have to mention all
the legal information like their
personal Email I'd, Password,
full name or other important
things. The entire things will
be follow in appropriate way
that shows BA good image.
After, the second stage
candidate directly selected for
the job position where they
need to complete an online
application. It does not show
the appropriate way of TfL
recruitment process and their
concern regarding it. Fraud
chances get higher within these
procedures that effect whole
business very much.
Step 4 British Airways cabin crew
selection process is quite good
better than TfL. It reduces
fraud changes because of their
legal structure. In which
candidates must mention each
and every right information
about themselves that get cross
checked by organization HR
management.
As compare to BA CC
recruitment process, TfL
system is very simple and
easy. In 4 step, if applicants
meet with company basic
requirement they drive to the
situational judgment test which
is quite to simple. Under these
process wrong people get
connect with firm that is very
dangerous for entire employees
and other people in company.
Step 5 Human resource management
plans some questions for
As compared to British
Airways selection procedures,
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candidates and ask them about
all the things. Thus, get
satisfaction about person
which meet their requirement
with the BA requirements.
After that they need to give
some tests such as verbal,
spatial and situational
judgment test. British Airways
Cabin Crew selection
procedures is to long as
compared to TfL.
TfL directly invite applicants
to attend written assessment
session in which they have to
write somethings about their
abilities. It very short term
process that does not take too
much time.
Step 6 Thus, after passing all the tests
successfully applicants will be
selected and invited for
assessment day in which they
need to answer some important
questions related to situations.
After this selected person have
to pass one more interview that
helps British Airways to know
about their skills more and
more.
Human resource management
conduct interview for selected
person in which they asked
some questions to them. Thus,
after that TfL again invite them
for playing their role in the
organization. It was the short
term process that does not give
proper information about
person that raise changes to
hire inappropriate candidate.
Step 7 TfL selection process to too
simple and easy that raise the
chances to darnel, but on the
other side British Airways
conduct whole recruitment
procedures very deeply that
decrease the changes of cheat.
In the selection process of TfL,
invite selected applicant and
take their references and ask
some questions regarding
health or medical issues that
help them to know about their
medical conditions. It is not
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In this step BA human
resource management cross
check selected candidate
background, education, family
status and other important
factors that help organization
to get all the specific details
about person. It ensures
company that individual
belongs to good family and
appropriate for required job
vacancy.
much effective way as
compare to British Airways
recruitment process.
Step 8 In the 8 step of British
Airways, Cabin crew selection
process is much better in way
as compared to TfL. This
procedure select good and
effective candidate who have
all the basic knowledge that is
necessary for job position.
Thus, after selecting right
applicant organization offer
training to them which takes
six weeks. It improves or
develop their skills more than
now and also help them during
playing their role in BA.
As compare to British Airways
cabin crew recruitment
process, Tfl procedure is not
much better and appropriate,
that do not work perfectly.
They do not make effective
plans for this procedure that is
very important for company.
Thus, after hire new candidate
they cannot give them any
training session that is
essential for them as well as
organization growth. Firm
directly offer job to them and
placed at that position which
might be effect whole
business.
Step 9 Thus, after getting training and British Airways selection
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candidate have all the ability
that make their career more
successful in British Airways.
After that candidate placed on
the position of cabin crew and
give its effective performance
that is very beneficial for
organization.
process is appropriate in way
that select good and skilled
people in company. As
compare to TfL their
procedure is too short and not
much effective and BA
procedure is long termed and
perfectly planned.
TASK 4
4.1 Contribution of development and training to effective operation of British Airways
Trainee manager of BA plan training session for their cabin crew members to develop
team skills more than now as well as accomplished organization operations effectively. Thus, for
this manager give them necessary training that is very essential for them.
Different types of training
1. Technology and technical training: This training is depended on type of vacancies or
job, technical training will be required in British Airways for Cabin crew member that
tech them all the technological aspects of job (Ekaterina, Anastasya and Ksenya, 2015).
In airlines technical knowledge is much important that include how to operate computer
system or other technologies effectively.
2. Airline Cabin crew training: This job required high degree of specialization and
responsibilities that ensure comfort and safety of passenger in BA with industry
regulations. Within this training Cabin crew new member learn about their profession,
recent practices and its origins. It helps to identify aircraft types and relevant cabin crew
activities and different functions.
3. Skills training: This training is the third type of training, it includes proficiency needed
to actually perform job. For example, flight attendant need to have that skills in which
they attend British Airways passengers and make sure that they are safe.
Differences between development and training-
Training Development
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 It is a learning procedure in which
workers get the best opportunities to
develop or improve their skills,
knowledge and competency required
for job.
 Training is short term process.
 It focuses on present requirement and
job oriented.
 Training objective is to improve
employees work performance in British
Airways.
 It is an educational procedure that is
concerned with all over growth and
success of employees.
 Development is a long term process
that take longer time period.
 It centering on future needs and
requirements.
 Development objectives is to prepare
all the cabin crew members of British
Airways for future challenges.
Benefits of training
 Increased workers and all staff members' motivation.
 Training increase capacity and ability of employees to adopt new technologies.
 It will also improve British Airlines business and service performance.
Effectiveness of training
 Training drives BA business in new way.
 It helps to gain competitive advantages.
 Build effective workforce.
 Build up organization much stronger than others.
Role and need of training
Training is one of the best program that conduct by manager of British Airways and
HRM for developing employees skills and knowledge of job. It plays the most important role in
organization in which it allows strengthening skills of Cabin crew members that each needs to
improve in better way (Aman and et.al., 2015). This program brings all the workers to higher
level so they all have similar knowledge and skill which is required for running business
effectively.
Training and development give their contribution in British Airways successfully that run
their operations effectively in the organization. By apply this process in firm they develop all the
employees skills much in better way that helps to gain objectives and goals of business. BA
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invests in developing and improving skills and knowledge of their workers and these investments
was returned in form of more effective and productive employees. It directly impacts workers
ability and capability of work that improves efficiency and progress of all the employees.
CONCLUSION
This presentation discussed about Human resource management functions, role and
purpose in British Airways. In this report has been concluded that HR make effective plan that
supply services on demand. It includes current status of employment relationships in
organization and also discussed the impact of employment law on management of HR in BA. In
this study also discuss about job description and personal specification for Cabin crew that is
important for hiring new candidates. This report include comparison between the BA and TfL on
the bases of their selection process. Furthermore, this presentation added some different types of
training and development and make differences between both of them. It will also reflect their
effectiveness and benefits on the based of needs.
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