Roles and Characteristics of a Leader and a Manager

This document discusses the roles and characteristics of a leader and a manager in an organization. It explores how they are applied in different situations and analyzes the strengths and weaknesses of different leadership approaches. The document also covers theories and models of leadership, including situational leadership, systems leadership, and contingency.

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Operation and Management
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Lector’s Note

Operation and Management
Table of Contents
Task 1..........................................................................................................................................................3
Define and compare the different roles and characteristics of a leader and a manager................................3
Examine with examples how the role of a leader and the function of a manager is applied in different
situations within your organization..............................................................................................................4
Apply theories and models of leadership approach including situational leadership, systems leadership
and contingency in specific situations within your organization..................................................................6
Analyse and differentiate between the role of a leader and function of a manager by actually applying a
range of theories and concepts.....................................................................................................................7
Assess the strengths and weaknesses of different approaches to situations within the work environment...8
Critically analyse and evaluate the different theories and approaches to leadership in the given context....9
Task 2........................................................................................................................................................11
Explain the critical approaches to operations management and the role that leaders and managers play...11
Explain the importance and value of operations management in achieving business objectives................12
Assess the factors within the business environment that impact upon operational management and
decision-making by leaders and managers.................................................................................................13
Evaluate how leaders and managers can improve efficiencies of operational management to meet the
business objectives successfully................................................................................................................13
Critically evaluate application of operations management and factors that impact on the wider business
environment for your organisation............................................................................................................14
References.................................................................................................................................................16
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Task 1
Define and compare the different roles and characteristics of a leader and a manager
Leader Manager
Roles
 Intelligent
 Honest
 Good, listen.
 Confident
 Faithful
 Well skilled communication
 Honest
 Trustworthy
Characteristics
 Transactional
 Transformational
 Autocratic
 Democratic
 Customer service
 Marketing
 Sales
 Production
Leader: a man who has a commitment to lead the organisation towards the achievement is
known as the leader. On the opposite side, the leader has the power and pace for settling on a
choice(Freeman, & Turner, 2009).
Manager: an individual has been chosen by the leader to deal with the operational exercises of a
particular branch of an organization is called a manager. Along with this part, unmistakable
managers have an individual role to play in an organization, for example, the showing boss
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dependably concentrates on the elevating arranging how to move things and services in the
market.
Along these lines, the leaders of the organization need to manage all assistants of the
organization(Barr, & Barr, 2010). Starting now in the foreseeable future, different sorts of
theories and models of leadership move the leaders to lead the M&S at the second position in
fashion retailer industry of UK. Alongside that, a leader ought to know how to lead an
organization, and different sorts of leadership theories and models will be cleared up in this
response to legitimise the importance of leadership. Concerning word leader who holds the entire
notoriety of an organization(Bush, Bell, & Middlewood, 2010).
Examine with examples how the role of a leader and the function of a manager is applied in
different situations within your organization
In M&S, the leader and the manager both have an individual part to play to control and operate
activities. In this way, the bit of a manager is obliged the bit of an appropriate leader, however, is
enormous in a different circumstance. On the other hand, as a not as much as tried and true run,
an organization needs to face confliction worried with client advantage. Thus, the nature of the
thing does not meet the longing of the customer as appeared by the buyer's perspective. Along
these lines, the client puzzled with the thing, and in this particular case, the leader needs to give
attentive thought to the gathering strategy which is the key driver of customer dissatisfaction.
Along with this part, the leader of the organization needs to explore the substantial risks which
are made between the client’s prospect and the organization’s activity. In the wake of picking the
blame, the leader needs to choose it through taking important and well decision for the
organization(French, & Vince, 2009). Along these lines, the leaders may found that in light of
the absence of setting up the concentration towards the improvement. Like this, the leader may
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deal with a general made planning structure recollecting an ultimate target to enhance the
performance of employees.
According to many studies, prosperity and security both are large parts of the M&S fashion
house. Along with this part, as appeared by the whole of transformational leadership style, the
leader and authority must be careful about the importance of fire alert to deny mischance. In a
particular circumstance where end signal has been harmed by a pro appallingly and the leader
ought not to terminate the in charge operator(French, & Vince, 2009).
On the other hand, a manager is a man who has a special commitment to perform. So as to depict
the part and responsibilities of a manager which wires single correspondence. Along with this
part, there are different sorts of managers saw in various kinds of organizations, for example,
fortifying managers, overseeing managers, marketing managers and sales managers of M&S.
Along with this part, business much of the time watch the company compensation recollecting an
ultimate target to develop the productivity of the organization and reply to the top management
from the organization to update practical get the ready process in M&S. In addition, the creation
is allocated to work the social occasion game-plan of an organization, so he needs to concentrate
on that particular situation(Schwartz, 2006).
Furthermore, if a female representative was sexually harassed in the working environment and
she needs a guide to the leaders to make noise and demand for delegate prosperity and security.
Along with this part, the supervision manager of M&S holds the full commitment of the
delegates who are working on his/her perception. Consequently, the managers need to genius,
manage, incite and control the pupils of the organization(Gootnick, & Gootnick, 2000). Hence,
the leader of the organization or the leaders who have the organization ought to secure prosperity
and prosperity orchestrates.
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Besides that, the creation manager ought to watch the advancement of the delegates who
discovered genuine get ready and answer for the leader of M&S. Like this, the blueprint manager
needs to impact labourers about the notoriety of the organization. As indicated by the above-
examined condition, the massive part has been played by the leader, yet the manager in like way
has a fundamental part to perform in an organization(Gootnick, & Gootnick, 2000).
Apply theories and models of leadership approach including situational leadership, systems
leadership and contingency in specific situations within your organization.
In this way, some internal threats appear inside an organization, and a Liberal leader has a unique
thought how to manage it. There are different sorts of leadership qualities should be intertwined
into the behavioural approach of a persuading leader with a particular original goal to go up
against various conditions. Besides that, situational leadership is beginning at now assessed. In
this segment, structures of leadership and a particular state both will be clarified through
justification (Berris, 2007). M&S also includes some specific conditions with a particular
extreme goal to reinforce in this compelling world. In that given situation, the leader of M&S
needs to expect a fundamental part through applying differing choices and strategies. From time
to time, agents require more compensation paying little notice to their continuing on work and
the union leader fortify them to get searched for wishes of the labourers. Along with that, in that
particular condition, a leader must build exhortation with the union leader and driving force the
solicitations of the delegates of M&S. Furthermore, it is the commitment of a genuine leader to
give enough pay and fitting workplace to the delegates of the organization. Along with this part,
the head of the organization ought to instruct in light concerning different shareholders keeping
an ultimate target to choose the issue. As showed by transformational leadership style, the leader
must consider the demand of the delegate if they legitimise it(de Jong, 2013).
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Analyse and differentiate between the role of a leader and function of a manager by actually
applying a range of theories and concepts.
The parts and commitments of a manager and the leader of M&S can be seen and separated with
the assistance of different leadership theories and styles. As showed by the systemic leadership,
the leader of M&S needs to empower and instigate the delegate recollecting the original target to
enhance execution (Gnan, Hinna, & Monteduro, 2012). Next, to that, a manager of M&S can
make a strong association with different agents to complete the work in a particular period with
the assistance of behavioural theories.
Situational leaders: This leadership style joins a couple of characters of leaders, and the leaders
can make a healthy relationship with their delegates to cautious them about responsibility and
face movement to manage blunder. The leaders concentrate on the differing operational activities
through establishing control of different sorts of question condition inside M&S. Next, to that,
the situational leaders help the agents to meet their searched for objectives and targets (Gnan,
Hinna, & Monteduro, 2012). Besides that, the situational leaders additionally give an additional
idea on the exercises of their specialist execution.
System leadership: As appeared by system leadership, individuals are considered with trademark
since they intended. Stogdill (1974) incited that major breaking points and qualities make a basic
system of brand leaders of M&S additionally, a manager and a leader both can increment
interpersonal capacities with regards to organisational execution through a systematic approach
with the assistance of this theories. Along with this part, as showed by McCall and Lombardo
(1983), the leaders can prod the delegate for working under an appropriate system in M&S with
the assistance of respects and accomplishments. Some of these qualities adequately made with
different individuals of get-togethers who settle on effective leaders by decision.
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Contingency: Along with this, the part theories interlace leaders with readings and exchange of
the general social occasion(Reeves, 2004). Along with this part, the directorial system manages
the open's issues in M&S. On the other hand, it doesn't appearance for inherent limits and
qualities, and the execution of the leaders is aided through it. Adjacent to that, valuable
leadership is managed though indeterminable and learnable perspectives and situation. As
showed by showed up by the contingency theories of leadership, leaders can be made not
impacted. Along these lines, it is a probability system approach that uses the insightfulness
among attempts and person. It can be found in different masterminded reviews like the Michigan
Leadership Studies and Ohio State Leadership Studies.
Assess the strengths and weaknesses of different approaches to situations within the work
environment.
As indicated by autocratic leadership styles, the leaders should understand the decision-making
process and use it in the other condition. For instance, a worker, shockingly, hurts one valuable
resource of the organization because of the nonattendance of care. The natural quality and
behavioural approach of a leader and manager will be assessed in M&S with the assistance of
different practices(Reeves, 2004). Along with this part, various sorts of approach solidify
particular quality and shortcoming which help to pick the character of a leader. With an optimal
end goal to keep up the matter of M&S, the leader needs to supervise unmistakable conditions in
the working environment. Within quality and insufficiency of a leader can be measured with the
assistance of that essential leadership control. In that specific stage, the other leader will take
several choices, for example, one sort of leader in a gleaming fire the delegate with no notice. On
the opposite side, this direct is not anticipated from a productive leader which demonstrate an
insufficiency of the leader.
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Critically analyse and evaluate the different theories and approaches to leadership in the given
context.
Autocratic leadership: this leadership style links the management with essential leadership star
adjacent the proposition of junior agents. In addition, they will obey with wishes of their
managers without illumination. In this leadership style, leaders don't have full trust in their
delegates and heading with other division. Apparently, this method can't be utilised where the
staffs are arranged and staggering, or they are trusting upon the leaders of the organization to
prefer diversion plans. Along with this part, this leadership style urges managers to control their
staffs and all specialists(Knod, & Schonberger, 2001).
Laissez- Faire: As appeared by this leadership style, managers give a full chance to the pro to
set have purposes and resolve issues with the sensible claim choice. This leadership style is
particularly productive where the labourers are exceptionally competent, talented and
experienced. In a consistent way, this leadership style can't be utilised when the authority of the
organization is truant. This leadership style can be called as "uninvolved" style where the
managers give careful thought and give most adaptability to their specialists.
Transformational Leadership: The transformational leaders will motivate the delegates to
redesign their master calling which inconsistent way increases organizational
execution(Albuquerque, Pavlidis, Chatow, Chen, & Jamal, 2012). As showed by the
transformational leadership, it closes gainful correspondence structure from management to meet
searched for objectives and targets. Get-together execution for the achievement of allocated
methodologies and the leaders of an organization must concentrate on worker change, and the
theories of leadership need to join management to meet objectives.
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Transactional Leadership: It is performed when the whole group from the get-together
dismissal to meet targets and objectives of M&S. The goals and offer prizes to the entire team
from the social affair if they meet the due date of delegated assignments. The accessories and the
managers knew targets and the agents have a like feeling close to managers for the achievement
of objectives. Along with this part, as appeared by the regard based leadership, managers of the
organization get unwavering dedication on the execution(Farris, 2009).
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Task 2
Explain the critical approaches to operations management and the role that leaders and managers
play
The organization manager in like oversight the stock close by the supply and purchase of
merchandise. Besides that, it is the commitment of an organization manager to nurture the
operation management of an organization. As both individual and unrefined materials, an
organization manager plays a principle role. They similarly have unbelievable smart and social
capacities, and in this way, they can help the unique parts of M&S to coordinate. In light of the
budgetary side, an organization similarly assists in remaining with the on track. Along with this
part, the operation manager supervises and controls costs. The key approaches to managing
process management of M&S are the likelihood and built up approach(Williams, 2006).
Contingency Approach: According to this theory, the sensibility of a leader is more
fundamental. The contingency approach in light of the operation management of M&S relies on
upon the theory that fittingness of the management is sudden or it is dependent upon the
exchange between the utilisation of the accepted practices and particular conditions. Therefore,
the speculation, in addition, passes on that relations or occupation motivations are dejected upon
whether the official can both impact and control the situational inspiration of a particular party.
M&S can go up to store up reasonability exactly when the leaders can get the opportunity to be
unmistakably influential. In this manner, the contingency is made by the management advice
Fred Fielder.
Classical Approach: Secondly. The classical approach of operation management is concerned
with the organization of work, particular necessities of the M&S close by the gauges of
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management. Moreover, the supposition of responsible and seeing conduct built up writers by
this approach which deals with the change of the primary structure of M&S. Brech tries to pass
on a practical technique to the last structure in light of attempted general norms instead of the
care on right cases or different theories of little centrality to the sharpening manager.
Correspondingly, the business inspection is related to the work did on a very basic level in the
first bit of the latest century(Williams, 2006).
Explain the importance and value of operations management in achieving business objectives
Disgraceful coordination and control are the essential threats that the firm uses to get a handle on
a right system to understand in case it is truly doing what it is foreseen that would do or not.
Arranging and scrutiny management focuses on an expansive extent of activities for ensuring the
destinations and discussions of M&S which are restrictively being met in an attractive and
inducing course of action. In these ways, M&S can accomplish their tried and true targets.
Arranging function and control of management can't be denied in operation management
especially in organizations, for instance, M&S(Salzmann, 2008).
Service management is concerned with the process, strategy and moreover a change of the
system that passes on and make essential things and services of M&S obviously, enterprise
management is a vast arena of business with clear management commitments, and it resembles
advancing and promoting(Salzmann, 2008). The stylish and latest fashion cloth made for the
customer of M&S is a huge issue for the organization. Along with this part, operation
management is major in business operations since it designs the heart of the communication
system by controlling the operation establish. Besides these, quality management is dire to
gainful service management particularly when there is a conformity in the substance of the
purchaser. Most significantly, quality control is fundamental for managing any operations in
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business. Along with this part, the relationship through its re-building and seat stamping homes
has emphatically earned the Pro in the market. Benchmarking in as a five-star inside surveying
process which the association uses to separate its deficiencies and see practice for transforming
them into quality to make its client base in the business focus.
Assess the factors within the business environment that impact upon operational management
and decision-making by leaders and managers
Operations of M & S Ltd.
Key operation of M & S Ltd. is a field that focuses on manage all purposes of the organization's
operations. Two significant part of an agency is to pay service and selling products. Operation
management is interrelated with activities of providing products and service.
Operational management has different types of aspects including understanding services and
products, size and location as per customer's supply and need. Other aspects are equipment,
techniques, clients, customers, strategy to catch the attention or crop goods, workforce planning,
quality and training(Kassher, 2015).
Evaluate how leaders and managers can improve efficiencies of operational management to meet
the business objectives successfully
Details of each of the key operational functions
Equipment such as electronic, mechanical, etc. are most important tools that help in producing
goods. Designing, planning, managing, coordinating, etc. are some techniques in critical
operational function. The development of the product starts with drawing. The expectation of the
customers is closely associated with the design of a product. Customers become excited about
the design of grown products in details. Planning of a system is interpreted as how authority
utilises the adequate resources to handle different situations. Teamwork is a necessary portion of
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any operation. Team members help in managing the system by which employee encouragement
can be possible. Management is very competent for better performance and in improvement.
Coordination is another critical stage. It is the way of organising and interrelating different part
of coordination between various responsibilities and roles of the work with operational team and
staff(Kassher, 2015).
Critically evaluate application of operations management and factors that impact on the wider
business environment for your organisation
Role and responsibilities of manager in the major operational function
Manager in the major executive function plays an important role which involves in overseeing
the goods production and in other associated services. Smooth, efficient service is the primary
task of an Operations manager who operates the company as well as possible it can run
smoothly. He has to face the expectations of clients and customers.
Explanation of the key operational approaches to operations management and their value
There are some external business factors which affect the ability of a company to function. Those
are Customers, Government, economy, competition, public opinion, etc.
Customers: Among external fundamentals, customer’s effect on the business organisation
through strategic release and marketing and customers could be influenced through the
marketing process. An organization can draw the attention of the customers via launching new
products, the relationship with clients and company is based on searching ways to impact on
customers to purchase company's products(Ansell, 2007).
Government: Rules and regulations of Government in packaging, development, shipping play a
major role regarding doing business and company's ability to increase into new markets.
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International laws produce processes which an organisation must monitor to spread the goods in
the foreign country.
Economy: A company should be efficient at observing on the economy and providing how to
respond to it, rather than attempting to operate it. Economic factors touch on the amount of
money which can be spent on business growth(Ansell, 2007).
Competition: in order to sustain in this competitive industry like the fashion world, competition
is playing a useful role. Other rival companies are always fighting and challenging with
attractive customer attraction policies. In order to improve the competitive advantage, the
management of M&S needs to focus on this external business environmental factor.
Public opinion: the opinion, suggestion, feedback of public are one of the essential elements of
the product value improvement process. In other words, with the help of the public opinion, the
management of M&S can improve their quality of the goods and services.
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References
Albuquerque, P., Pavlidis, P., Chatow, U., Chen, K., & Jamal, Z. (2012). Evaluating Promotional
Activities in an Online Two-Sided Market of User-Generated Content. Marketing Science, 31(3),
406-432. http://dx.doi.org/10.1287/mksc.1110.0685
Ansell, J. (2007). Measuring retail company performance using credit scoring
techniques. European Journal Of Operational Research, 183(3), 1595-1606.
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Barr, L., & Barr, N. (2010). The leadership equation (1st ed.). Austin, Tex.: Eakin Press.
Berris, J. (2007). Situational leadership (1st ed.). [Escondido, CA]: Center for Leadership
Studies.
Bush, T., Bell, L., & Middlewood, D. (2010). The Principles of Educational Leadership &
Management (1st ed.). London: Sage Publications.
de Jong, B. (2013). Shareholders' Claims for Reflective Loss: A Comparative Legal
Analysis. European Business Organization Law Review, 14(01), 97-118.
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Farris, P. (2009). Key marketing metrics (1st ed.). Harlow: Financial Times Prentice Hall.
Freeman, G., & Turner, A. (2009). The leader (1st ed.).
French, R., & Vince, R. (2009). Group relations, management, and organization (1st ed.). New
York: Oxford University Press.
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Gnan, L., Hinna, A., & Monteduro, F. (2012). Contingency, behavioural and evolutionary
perspectives on public and non-profit governance (1st ed.).
Gootnick, M., & Gootnick, D. (2000). Action tools for effective managers (1st ed.). New York:
AMACOM.
Kassher, R. (2015). Business Environment (1st ed.). Pearson India.
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Hill/Irwin.
Reeves, D. (2004). Accountability for learning (1st ed.). Alexandria, Va.: Association for
Supervision and Curriculum Development.
Salzmann, O. (2008). Corporate Sustainability Management in the Energy Sector (1st ed.).
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