Review of Operations and Management Studies

This document provides a summary of various operations and management studies, including topics such as software development team management, transformational leadership, environmental management, and operations management processes. It includes references to academic papers and research articles in the field, offering a comprehensive review of key concepts and practices.

MANAGEMENT &
OPERATIONS

Table of Contents
INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................1
Task 1...............................................................................................................................................1
P.1 Define and compare the different roles and characteristics of a leader and manager for
somerfield...............................................................................................................................1
P2 Examine how role of a leader and manager, function is applied in different situation of
Somerfield..............................................................................................................................4
P3- Theories and models of approach, including situational leadership, systems leadership and
contingency.............................................................................................................................5
P4- key approaches to operations management and the role that leaders and managers play.. .6
P.5 Importance and value of operations management in achieving business objectives.......7
P.6 Factors within the business environment that impact upon operational management and
decision-making by leaders and managers.............................................................................9
CONCLUSION..............................................................................................................................10
REFERENCES..............................................................................................................................11

INTRODUCTION
Management and operation will help to boost the process of production and operational
work in organisation. The role and characteristic of a leader and manger are different it is
important for the organisation to the compare these roles for the effective operation
management. The role of the leader and manger are applied on the basis of their potential to
handle the different situation in organisation. As the Somerfield is an chain of supermarket in the
united kingdom. The main product of the Somerfield is groceries. Somerfield revenue is depends
on their effective operation management. As the different theories and model of the leadership
style will help to the organisation to bring the operational work more effective results. As the
Different key approaches of operation management a manger and leader will play to boost the
improve the production process of organisation. For achieving the organisational objective
operation management have effective importance. Somerfield have use the better tools and
techniques for improving the outcomes of the organisation.
Task 1
P.1 Define and compare the different roles and characteristics of a leader and manager for
somerfield.
For the every organization it is important is their leader and manger. If the leader and
manger are not bale to performance in the organization that mean the whole organization
performance will be affected. For the operation management these key person have the major
role in organization. The different roles and characteristics of a leader and manger for
Somerfield are importation but there is huge difference between a leader and manger in
organization such as.
Key Points Leader Manager
Meaning Leader is the person who lead
the team for upliftment to
achieve the organisational goal
(Antonakis, and House, 2013).
They have mission and vision
for every task.
While mangers are the person
bring the proper structure in
organisation with their
different managerial skills.
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Focus Leader will focus to inspire
and motivate the employee for
better outcomes. As they will
focus on task only end results
will be depends on their
leadership style (Baboli,
2014). As they have to get
results in effective manner.
While manger focus on the
planing and process of the
organisation with proper rules
and regulation implemented
for Somerfield. As the
manager need to give
guidelines for employees.
Decision making process. The decisions making process
of an leader is depends on the
situations arise in front of
them. As they take the
decision which have the high
risk. Due to such decision they
have to face many conflicts.
While manger don't have the
more power tort take they
decisions but they involve in
planning and set the process of
organisation. For the
somersfilred manger are
participation in lower level
decision which are related to
the operational work.
Power The power of the leader is to
bring the better results form
the team with different style of
leadership will work effective.
Power of the manger is depend
on their roles and
responsibility of the
organisation. As they need to
take the decision on the certain
issue but the manger don't
have the power to take the
decisions which can be
damage to the organisation
operation work.
Personality The personality and attitude of
the leader will be dynamic and
they will transform their
While the manger are more
professional and their attitude
and behaviour is also
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personality into the work. As
the operation is the important
part of the organisation to
achieve better result s for the
organisation.
detremine towards the work
(Cachon, and Terwiesch,
2013). As the operation
manager the communication is
the most important aspect for
the organisation.
Risk Leader always take high risk
for the better outcomes for the
organisation. As the
Somerfield it is important for
the leader to take the risk
which can't be arise the
conflicts.
The manger don't haver then
authority to make the risk
without the permission of the
top level management.. As the
operation management is not
the easy task if any risk have
been taken may be influence
the organisation performance .
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P2 Examine how role of a leader and manager, function is applied in different situation of
Somerfield.
Somerfileds deal in supermarket business as they have the large number of manpower in
their organisation for management and operations works. The role of leader has already been
specified in somerfiled as they have to build the team to achieve organisational objectives. But
leader have to take so many decision which can be influence to the team at that time conflicts
situation may arise. To deal with such situation leader will play the major role in organisation.
As they will stuck on their decisions. On other side manger will always the situation and try to
make new plan to avoid conflicts situation in limited time but due to less authority with manger
they are unable to proceed their decision to solve the situations. Sometime leader bring the better
situation for the organisation with their better team and other resources used for avoid the
difficult situations. Manger know their potential and power to deal with the situation which are
not in control. Leader have the different style of leadership which makes their own principal to
avoid any situation in organisation (Cachon, and Terwiesch, 2013). As the manger have to
proceed according to the plans and policies of somerfileds. The application of leader and manger
roles will be depends on the task as the task have been distributed to employee and leader and
manger will bring the situation more better. Leader will for m the team and manger will make
the proper division of management for different operational works in organisation. For leader it
is easy to take the decision which are high risk. As the leader think in a innovative manner while
the manger have tp perform the administratrix work. Both of them have the roles according to
their potential. As they have to manage with more effective and efficient manner. Leader give
better idea to solve the problems in organisation with their team. While the manger have to find
the requirement for resource need to solve any situation to avoid the waste of time and cost will
be analysis. Leader will inspire the team and manger will control the organisation with their
different strategies so that conflicts situation can be avoided. Manger will identified the
problems but to solve such situation they don't have the authority. While the leader give
inspiration their team to motivate for better outcomes for Somerfield. Leader never bring their
team down and give better approach to them for solve nay situation during the work these can
help to the organisation with effective leader (Drury, Conboy and Power, 2012). But manger
always the ask question “when” with rules and regulation is important for every given task in
organisation. But the manger don't focus on end result they need to bring the better planning and
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with effective implement of the plans in every operation task. If the process of production will be
low it is the manger who will responsibility for the situation. At that time they will analyse the
situation and bring the conclusion in behalf of the organisation. While the leader are focus on the
better outcome in limited time with the effective team. The more the decision of then leader will
be favour for the organisation also the team, will be work towards organization goals.
P3- Theories and models of approach, including situational leadership, systems leadership and
contingency.
 Situational Leadership in context to Somerfield: These theory would be help
to bring the better situation in organization. As the supermarket organization
Somerfield have the different leaders and they style of leadership makes the
effective decision for organization. As the situational leadership these type of
leadership perform their roles in some situation n when the organization needed
the most (Jing and Avery, 2011). Leader try to give better outcomes in difficulty
situation as the situational leadership style of a leader don't think to take major
decision for betterment in orientations. These type of leadership style are better
for Somerfield as they have the large organization and every day major situation
may arise in front of the organization. If the leader are more situational style, it
will benefit for the organization and the team. As a result the situational
leadership brin the more innovative idea to solve the problem and to make the
operation process in effective manner.
 System leadership in context to Somerfield: As the name suggest that it is the
systematic leadership which are more bureaucratic leader as they focus on rules
and regulation in organization task. These type of leader are bring the change in
working style of team and organization changes such as rile and regulations. They
need only better outcome for organization with proper guideline for a given task.
As they are the perfection leadership which are more concerned about the
organization. They need all the things in systematic manner with quality results if
anything is missing in their work they try to do again the same for getting
perfections. They follow each and everything with process whether the size of
task is small or big even any conflicts situation may arise in front of such leader
the try to solve with legal regulation of the organization. Because their ethics and
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values are more high for a systematic leader. As result the systematic leadership
will help to implement the change in the organization to bring the effective
operation of the organization. Also the rules and regulation will help to
organization for more better outcomes.
 Contingency leadership in context to Somerfield: it is define a the leader which
are task oriented and have the different personality and attitude for every task are
not same. As the working condition may arise in front of them they try to change
their style. Contingency leadership will be more better when the situation have
been not in the hands of the organization at that time need of such leader are
important for the organization. As they need the better results in every task. The
team under contingency leader have to adjust according to the situation as the
permanent decision are not implemented in such style. They have to identified
internal and external condition of organization to bring changes for outcomes. But
they always focus to give respect to their team and motivate them for achieving
better results.
P4- key approaches to operations management and the role that leaders and managers play.
For every organization leader and manger play the different role in management and
operation work which are importation for them better performance of the employees. Sometime
the manger and leader never try to make the situation which are not related opt ethri role and
responsibility (Nakayama and Bucks, 2012). As they need as the leader will work according to
different style and manger will have to work with rules and regulations which are necessary for
organizational success. As the Somerfield leader and manger have to performance the different
roles. Manger will focus on the structure of organization while leader will focus on the better
outcome form the team. For leader they will use the different approach and the manager will
implemented the other approaches to bring the better operation management. To mage the large
size organization is difficult for the manger and the team will be also in large size so the leader
have to to think before taking any decision for process of operation. As the manger will try to
bring policies and procedure for the better operation in organizations. Also the decision of the
leader and manger will impact on the performance of the orientations production process.
Employee of the Somerfield need to give their efforts so that leader will help to execute their
decision. For manger they need proper rules and regulation in organization for effective results
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can be achieve with better operations. The various approaches of operation and management
such as follows:
Total quality management: These the major approaches of the operation management the
leader and manger have to be follows so that operation of organization can be easily get the
better results. If the total quality approaches have been used in somerfield they have to focus on
the production process in a quality manner. Total quality approach will help to make the better
operation process.
For examples six sigma is the process in which the organization operation will based on the
quality approaches.
Action centered approach: these type of approach will help to leader and manger for specific
decision. Leader are also take the action for better operation management to achieve the
organizational objectives. Action centered approach is benefice to the leader and organization to
take the certain decision on the spot. These Action is to improve the process of operational work
of the organization.
Craft manufacturing: It is the process that will help to the organization which can be help
during the slow manufacturing.
Functional approach: The operation management will work on the the basis of functional
approaches. As in the organization different function have to perform and they have to make
operation management (Hoever, and Knippenberg, 2012). As they have to to focus on different
function of the organizations they need to bring the production process more better. Suppliers
and other stakeholder have to be in communicate well with the leader and manger to bring the
operation work according the plans and procedure of the organizations.
P.5 Importance and value of operations management in achieving business objectives.
For every organization it is the operational work is difficult task to mange. It is
important for the organization to achieve the business objectives. To bring the operation work
better the organization swill,use many resource as they are the key elements to make the
effective organization performance. It is important for manger to bring the better cross in
organization to make the operational task. Importance of operation management for the
following reasons such as:
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 To improve the productivity: It is the most importance of the operation management is
to improvement the productivity of the organizations. As the better productions will help
to make the goodwill of the organization. For somerfield it can be more befits for there
operation management. For the manger and leader it can be help full for improving the
operation management. The process of production and they employee performance these
all are the key element of operation management. The more the better process
organization will be focus on their objectives. If the operation of organization are not
Better than it will be impact on the stake holders of the organization. The customer have
to face the low availability of the products. production of the organization never be
influence if the operation management will be effective. It is also the bring the values of
the organization in the operation management process to make the bring the better
outcomes. If the productivity will be improve than the stake holders feel better about the
organization. But due to the wrong practice in the organization then operation mange can
be influenced.
 to mange the inventory: it is also important factor that to mange the inventory of the
organization operation management is important. The more the inventory of the
organization ca be mange the wastage of the resource will be less. If the organization is
able to save the inventory cost of the raw material can be save. Due to the better
operation manger it is important for the management to use the resource in optimum
manner. For the betterment of the organization inventory management is important also
it help to achieve the organizational objectives.
 Managerial transformation Process: This is also the important for the operation
gentleman to achieve the business objectives is to transformation managerial process will
bring the situation easy for the somersfields as the right kind of managerial skill will help
to manage the operation. The organizational environment will be better in terms of the
managerial process will bring their change in organization. Also an effective manager
will bring the better outcomes.
The role of operation manger to react the value in terms of quality speed, dependability,
flexibility and cost which all are the part of the operation managerial calucation while taking the
important decision in the organizations.
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 Customer services and resource utilization: In every organization the most important
purpose for effective operation management. Customer services the main division
because the customer are connect with these divisions in which operation management
will help to achieve the objectives of organizations. Also the resource utilization will be
depends on the operation management in which the cost of the organization will be save
with proper utilization of resource.
The key factor that will drive the operation due to the globalisation, total quality management,
empowerment and improving the services.
The above importance are help full for the somorefiled as they bring the better operation in
organization. The better operation management will help to achieve the operation work. Also the
employee are asset for the organization as they are also important part for the operation. The
process of organization will also the important. The value of the organization is also bring ght
better operation work.
P.6 Factors within the business environment that impact upon operational management and
decision-making by leaders and managers.
In every organization it is necessary to analysis the external and internal situations of the
organization. As the somerfiled have the many competitor and also the conditions of the
economic of united kingdom is not in control as as result somerfiled also need to analysts they
organization internal and external factors such as follows
 Economic factors: As the economic conditions of the united kingdom is not better. Due
to the such problems somerfiled have to deal with many problems in their operation
management . As the inflation have been increase in the nation which influence the high
price of the all the raw materiel and other resources which arr important for the
operational work of somerfield. Also the unemployment bring the slow production in
organisation because of organisation is not able to give the salary to employees. Due to
less manpower the time and cost of the operational process has been increased. So that
the economic factor is the major hindrance in operation management of somerefiled.
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 Social Factors: As the social factor will influence the operation and also to the business
environment. As the economic condition is not good then society will be in trouble. The
power of purchasing any goods and serve of the society will be decreases. Also the
change in taste and preference of the society will major influence on the operation of the
somerfield.
 Political Factors: As the political pressure on organisation can be influence on the
operation management. Also the business environment will be affected with the
government influence on the organisation. As the change of new tax police by
government will affect on the revenue of the organisation. As the lack of revue will be
burden on the operational cost of the organisation.
 Technological Factors: The major influence of the technologies on the operation
management is to change technologies will bring the process of productions will be
improve and the products can be easily supply in stores. Somersfiled have the different
technologies to mange the operation of organisation. The business environment also
influence with the change in technologies as they save the time and cost form the
organisation which helps to rapid productions in organisation. Also the leader and
manger will take the decision accordion to the time and money with the better
technologies adoption in the organisation.
 Legal Factors: as the changes in legislation rule and regulation for the business will
affect on the operation. Sometime the products will be injurious to the health for society
bring the stop production of particular products in organisation as results such laws will
be affect on organisation. Also the leader and manger will also take decision with
consideration of legal factors for organisation operations.
 Environmental Factors: On every business the environment factor are the major
hindrances in operation work (Schiller, 2016.). The process of the production may be
affected to the environment. It can spread the pollution with the use of more machinery
regarding the oil and petroleum products. These factors influence on the decision of the
leader and manger as they have to bring better production process so that is cant be
affected to the environment .
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Also the some of the factor within the business environment that impact upon operational
management and decision-making by leaders and managers such as corporate social
responsibility of the organizations. The shareholders have the main role to make huge impact on
the decision of leader and manger as any of the financial decision. Business ethics of the leader
and manger are not appropriated it will directly impact on the organization decisions.
CONCLUSION
From the management and operations it is concluded that leader and manager have the
important role in the organisation as they take the decision which involve high risk. Somerfield
leader play specific role and responsibility to achieve organisational gaols. To every situation
manger and leader have main focus to control problems and motivate the employees for better
result main operations. To make the goodwill and attract costumer to use products of Somerfield
manger and leader planning will be effective to meet such target on time. Also the situational
leadership style and contingency theories and model are important to implement in organisation
according to the leaders and manger attitude and behaviour towards organisation. As the
different roles play by leader is important with right key approaches of operation and
management. To achieve the Somerfiled objective operation and management will play
important role in organisation. It is important for the organisation as the value will be more
considerer for the better results and operation management is not only help to the effective
production but it can bring better outcome for the somerfield. Also it is important to considerer
the all the factors which can influence on the business environment.
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